Symptom >> Internal Medicine >> Hematology

Venous bleeding

Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction Venous bleeding refers to dark red blood that flows out of the wound quickly and continuously. After disinfecting the skin around the wound with iodine and alcohol, the bandage is wrapped around the wound with sterile gauze and cotton pad to stop bleeding. The clinical manifestations of simple vascular injury are injury site, acute bleeding of the wound and distal ischemic changes of the limb, disappearance of distal arterial pulsation or swelling of the limbs, cyanosis, etc. Direct damage caused by vascular injury such as sharp injury (stab injury, bullet injury, cut injury), blunt injury (contusion, crush injury), etc.; indirect damage such as deceleration injury, arterial spasm and excessive elongation laceration, etc. .

Cause

Cause

The causes of vascular damage are complex:

1 direct damage: sharp damage (stab, bullet, cut), blunt injury (contusion, crush injury).

2 Indirect injury: deceleration, arterial spasm and excessive elongation laceration.

Examine

an examination

Related inspection

Peroxidase staining colloidal iron staining hot salt test

Dark red blood flows out of the wound quickly and continuously.

Simple vascular injury is not difficult to diagnose according to the clinical manifestations of traumatic violence, injury site, acute bleeding of the wound and ischemic changes of the distal extremity, disappearance of distal arterial pulsation or limb swelling and cyanosis.

Angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing vascular injury, but its application is limited because most patients require urgent treatment and the cost of angiography is high and traumatic.

Duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive procedure that can diagnose endovascular damage, pseudoaneurysms, arteriovenous fistulas, and venous injuries, and may replace angiography.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of venous bleeding:

(1) Capillary hemorrhage: red blood with small dots, seeping out from the surface of the wound, no obvious blood vessel bleeding. This bleeding can often stop automatically.

(3) Arterial bleeding: the fierceness of the body, the color is bright red, and the jet rushes out as the heart beats. Aortic bleeding can cause death in a few minutes and needs to be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment.