Cervical spine fracture dislocation

Introduction Cervical vertebral fractures, accompanied by severe dislocation of the vertebral joints, known as cervical fracture and dislocation. This is a typical complete injury. It is not uncommon in clinical practice, and it is often accompanied by spinal cord injury, which occurs in the three intervertebral spaces of the neck 4 to 5 and the neck 6 to 7. It is a serious type in cervical spine injury. The general symptoms of cervical spine injury are more serious. The symptoms of spinal cord injury are different due to different planes of injury, and the degree of spinal cord injury is different. Cervical fracture and dislocation has a high incidence of spinal cord injury and is serious, and the prognosis is poor.

Cause

This mechanism of rupture of fracture and dislocation is not fundamentally different from that of flexion cervical spine injury, except that it has a stronger violent effect, causing greater damage and more serious clinical symptoms. Common in flexion injury, vertebral compression fracture and facet joint dislocation occur almost simultaneously. It can also be seen in vertical sexual violence. At the same time as the rupture of the vertebral body, the facet joint has a subluxation or interlocking sign. The complete injury of the cervical spine is more serious, and most of them have cervical spinal cord injury. A few exceptions are the "lucky damage" with a wide sagittal diameter.

an examination

Related inspection

CT examination of bone, joint and soft tissue, supine intervertebral foramen extrusion test after swallowing test

X-ray film can show fracture and dislocation. The vertebral shadow is widened. The CT slice can show the presence or absence of broken bone fragments. MRI images are required for the extent and extent of damage to the spinal cord and other soft tissues.

Imaging examination of fractures and dislocations is mainly based on X-ray plain film and CT scan; however, the determination of soft tissue injury and spinal cord state is still clear with MR images, and should be checked early.

Differential diagnosis

The disease is usually difficult to diagnose with other diseases through typical symptoms and imaging examinations.

Neck pain, mobility disorder, cervical tendon, extensive tenderness in the neck, severe local symptoms. In addition to a few lucky ones, spinal cord injury generally has different degrees of corpus callosum, and the proportion of complete spinal cord injury is higher.

Film degree exam

X-ray film can show fracture and dislocation. The vertebral shadow is widened. The CT slice can show the presence or absence of broken bone fragments. MRI images are required for the extent and extent of damage to the spinal cord and other soft tissues.

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