Thick neck

Introduction The neck is the part of the human thyroid gland, the thyroid gland is the endocrine gland of the human body, participating in and maintaining the normal metabolism of the human body. The normal adult gland has an average weight of 20 to 25 grams and is located in the neck and the lower part of the trachea. When the thyroid weight exceeds 35 grams, the neck can be thickened. Simple goiter is a goiter with normal thyroid function. It is a compensated goiter caused by iodine deficiency, thyroid mass or related enzyme deficiency, and is not accompanied by obvious hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.

Cause

In addition to defects in congenital thyroid hormone synthesis, goiter is common for the following reasons:

1, infectious diseases, such as bacterial-induced acute suppurative thyroiditis, viral-induced viral thyroiditis, also known as subacute thyroiditis.

2, autoimmune, such as toxic diffuse goiter and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.

3. Chronic fibrous thyroiditis with unknown cause.

4, because of drinking water, eating iodine is too low or too high due to endemic goiter.

5, because of puberty, pregnancy, lactation, the need for relatively increased iodine and insufficient intake of sporadic goiter.

6, new thyroid organisms, including benign tumors such as thyroid papilloma, follicular tumors, eosinophils and rare teratoma, hemangioma and leiomyomas, and thyroid malignancies, such as thyroid follicular cell carcinoma , papillary carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and rare thyroid lymphoma, sarcoma and organ malignant transformation such as laryngeal cancer, upper esophageal cancer, lung cancer to the thyroid gland.

7, some people found that some food may have a certain relationship with the thyroid enlargement. Long-term consumption of cabbage can cause goiter, cassava can also cause goiter, radish and coriander contain thiourea-induced goiter, and long-term consumption of soybean can also hinder the reabsorption of thyroid hormone in the intestine, making thyroid hormone Loss in the feces increases, which in turn causes a relative deficiency in thyroid hormones. It has been found that babies develop thyroid enlargement when fed a diet of soy, and long-term consumption of peas, peanuts, etc. may also cause goiter.

8, long-term use of certain drugs such as potassium cyanide, potassium perchlorate, ammonium salicylic acid, phenylbutazone, sulfonamides and thiourea drugs, can interfere with the synthesis of thyroid hormones, but also inhibit its release, resulting in blood Thyroxin is reduced, thyroid stimulating hormone is increased, causing goiter.

an examination

Related inspection

Ultrasound examination of thyroid and parathyroid gland serum total thyroxine (TT4) thyroid-binding globulin (TBG)

Physical examination showed thickening of the neck.

Differential diagnosis

1, simple goiter, in addition to goiter, symptoms and signs of pentylene, serum, TT4.TT3.TSH levels are generally normal.

2. Multinodular toxic goiter and thyroid autonomic adenoma.

3, other diseases have low fever, sweating, tachycardia, weight loss, need to identify with tuberculosis, patients with diarrhea-based patients are easily misdiagnosed as chronic enteritis, senile hyperthyroidism commonly used indifference, feeding, weight loss prominent, easily misdiagnosed as cancer hyperthyroidism Patients with myopathy should be identified with a familial cycle with a myasthenia gravis.

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