Shortened period

Introduction Menstrual shortening is one of the clinical manifestations of perimenopausal syndrome. Women's transition from sexual maturity to maturity has gradually led to a series of changes in their physiology. Some women have symptoms of this or that, called peri-menopausal syndrome. Menstrual changes, mainly for the menstrual cycle, inter- or amenorrhea or irregular; menstrual blood loss or sudden increase or even major bleeding; menstrual extension or shortening. Changes in the genitourinary system are pelvic floor relaxation, sagging breasts, thinning of the vaginal mucosa, loss of wrinkles, reduction of secretions, pain of sexual intercourse, and sometimes frequent urination, urgency, and urinary incontinence.

Cause

1. Neurotransmitters: Neuroendocrine studies have shown that hypothalamic neurotransmitter opioid peptides (EOP) adrenaline (NE) and dopamine (DA) are significantly associated with hot flashes. Serotonin (5-HT) has regulatory functions for endocrine, cardiovascular, emotional and sexual life. Autonomic dysfunction in patients with perimenopausal syndrome has been reported to be associated with a significant decrease in 5-HT in the blood. Animal experiments further proved that the 5-HT level of the hypothalamus was significantly reduced after ovariectomy, and it can be significantly reversed after estrogen. Therefore, it is believed that the symptoms of dysfunction caused by perimenopausal syndrome may increase with age 5-HT. The decline is related. Studies have found that -endothelin (-EP) and its antibodies in postmenopausal women are significantly lower than women in reproductive stage, while the decrease in -EP antibody indicates that the immune system regulates neuroendocrine function disorder and various neuropsychosis symptom.

2. Genetic factors: It has been reported that 11 pairs of twin sisters have the same start time of perimenopausal syndrome, and the symptoms and duration are also very similar. Individual personality characteristics, neurological types, cultural level, occupation, social interpersonal, family background, etc. are related to the onset and severity of perimenopausal syndrome. A large number of clinical data indicate that the personality is cheerful and the neurological type is stable. Those who are engaged in manual labor have fewer peri-menopausal syndromes or have milder symptoms, and the symptoms disappear faster. Unsociable personality, unstable neurological type, mental depression or mental stimulation, women with higher cultural level, superior social status and living conditions are more severe. This indicates that the occurrence of the disease may be related to high-level neural activity.

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Clinical manifestations:

1, menstrual changes, mainly for the menstrual cycle prolonged, between or amenorrhea or irregular; menstrual blood loss or sudden increase or even major bleeding; menstrual extension or shortening.

2, changes in the genitourinary system are pelvic floor relaxation, breast ptosis, vaginal mucosa thinning, wrinkle disappearance, reduced secretions, painful intercourse, sometimes frequent urination, urgency, urinary incontinence and other symptoms.

3, vasomotor syndrome, that is, flushing, sweating, palpitations, dizziness and other symptoms, the number of attacks varies from a few seconds to a few minutes.

4, mental symptoms, often have anxiety, depression, agitation, moodiness, temper, memory loss, inattention, insomnia and more dreams.

5, osteoporosis, about 25% of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, back pain, leg cramps, muscle and joint pain.

6, prone to abnormal lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Differential diagnosis

Women are prone to high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, tumors, etc. during menopause. Therefore, it is necessary to exclude cardiovascular diseases and organic diseases of the genitourinary organs, and to distinguish them from neurasthenia and hyperthyroidism. Neurasthenic syndrome: neurasthenic syndrome, also known as neurasthenia or cerebral weakness syndrome, neurasthenia syndrome is a group of symptoms similar to neurasthenia caused by certain chronic physical diseases. Its development, course of disease and prognosis are determined by the physical disease itself. With the improvement of physical diseases and the recovery of systemic conditions, symptoms similar to neurasthenia disappear.

Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is the abbreviation of hyperthyroidism. It refers to the enhancement of thyroid function caused by various reasons, and excessive secretion of thyroid hormone (TH), resulting in increased excitability and hypermetabolism in the nervous, circulatory and digestive systems of the body. The main manifestation of clinical syndrome. Most hyperthyroidism has a slow onset and acute onset. The incidence rate is about 31/100,000. It is more common in women. The ratio of male to female is about 1:4-6. Some 495 patients with hyperthyroidism and 416 females, accounting for 84%. 79 males, accounting for 16%. All age groups can be affected, with more than 20 to 40 years old. The incidence of thyroid disease varies from region to region. Shanghai First Medical College analyzed 375 cases of total inpatients in the hospital, 585 cases of thyroid disease, including 203 cases of hyperthyroidism, accounting for 34.7%; First Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan Medical College 106581 Among the hospitalized patients, there were 2070 cases of thyroid disease, of which 851 cases were hyperthyroidism, accounting for 41.1%. Hyperthyroidism is usually the most common clinical manifestation of diffuse goiter.

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