Secondary infection

Introduction Secondary infection refers to the reduction of immunity in the body of patients with hematological diseases due to diseases. The poor nutrition causes malnutrition and reduces the body's resistance. More importantly, the amount of mature white blood cells and the decrease in quality are not able to resist the invasion of bacteria. Infection is one of the most common causes of death in leukemia patients. Secondary infections are also called primary infections and are more common in adults. Most are endogenous infections, rarely caused by exogenous infections. Secondary infections are characterized by focal lesions, generally do not involve adjacent lymph nodes, mainly manifested as chronic granulomatous inflammation, formation of tuberculous nodules, fibrosis or caseous necrosis. The lesion often occurs at the tip of the lung.

Cause

The main cause is the infection caused by another pathogenic microorganism that is newly invaded or originally present in the body when the body's resistance is weakened. Most are endogenous infections, rarely caused by exogenous infections. Secondary infections are also called primary infections and are more common in adults. Secondary infections are characterized by focal lesions, generally do not involve adjacent lymph nodes, mainly manifested as chronic granulomatous inflammation, formation of tuberculous nodules, fibrosis or caseous necrosis. The lesion often occurs at the tip of the lung.

an examination

Related inspection

White blood cell count (WBC) blood routine

Due to the many types of diseases secondary to infection, different examination methods must be selected according to different conditions, including various bacterial examinations, pathogen examination, blood examination, erythrocyte sedimentation examination, post-CT MRI, cerebrospinal fluid examination, X-ray. Inspection, secretion examination, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to combine the physical examination of the clinician, and after comprehensive examination and judgment of various aspects, the condition can be confirmed.

Differential diagnosis

Secondary infections need to be differentiated from infections caused by different bacteria.

Candida infection: Candida is a common species in the vagina. When the vaginal acidity decreases and the normal balance between mold and bacteria is destroyed before and after the menstrual period, menopause or after production, the number of Candida will be rapid. Increased and caused infection.

Mixed infection of bacteria: a common complication after deep burns. It can be a mixed infection of single bacteria or most bacteria, and can even be caused by fungi. Generally, most of them are single bacteria in the early stage, and mixed infections in the late stage. It occurred mostly within 2 weeks after burn, and it occurred on the 2nd day at the earliest. There was less chance of granulation after wound formation. Common pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus and Escherichia coli. The clinical manifestations of general sepsis are living, can be high fever (up to 42 ° C), but also low temperature (below 36 ° C), mostly relaxation heat. After the occurrence of sepsis, the tachycardia after the original burn is more significant, and toxic myocarditis, toxic hepatitis, shock, etc. may occur. Paralytic tympanic bowel is also a common symptom, which can be accompanied by changes in consciousness. The wound surface can be deteriorated for a short time, the color is dark, the necrotic tissue and secretions are increased, and bleeding is easy.

Mold infection: Monilial or mycotic vaginitis is caused by mold infection. Its incidence is higher than trichomonas vaginitis. Medically, the mold infection is called Candida infection, so fungal vaginitis is also called Candida vaginitis. More common in young girls, pregnant women, diabetic patients, and patients who have been treated with larger doses of estrogen after menopause.

Candida albicans infection: Candida albicans infection, often manifested as vaginitis. Candida vaginitis is a common vaginitis, known as mold vaginitis, the incidence rate is second only to trichomonas vaginitis. Infection caused by Candida albicans in Candida. The fungus is in the shape of an egg, having spores and pseudohyphae formed by germination elongation of the cells, and the pseudohyphae is connected with the spores into a chain or a branch. Candida is not very resistant to heat and can be killed by heating to 60 ° C for 1 hour; but it is more resistant to dryness, sunlight, ultraviolet light and chemical preparation.

Cryptococcus infection: cryptococcosis (torulosis) is a subacute or chronic infectious disease caused by cryptococcus neoformans, which is mainly caused by invasion of the central nervous system. In recent years, fungal meningitis, brain abscess and granulation Swollen is not uncommon, easy to be confused with other intracranial diseases and delay treatment, so the mortality rate is high, should be vigilant. The disease can also affect the lungs, skin, subcutaneous tissue, callus, joints and other internal organs, tissues, etc., can occur at any age, but the incidence of children under 10 years of age is low. More men than women (3:1). Since the country officially reported the disease in 1946, it has been found in pediatrics.

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