Maxillary deformity

Introduction Double-jaw deformity, also known as bimaxillary protrusion, the tip (bird) mouth deformity is characterized by open-lipped teeth, unable to naturally close the mouth, upper and lower anterior teeth protruding, may have bony or non-bone protrusions, no matter how the teeth The anterior process and the jaw relationship are often good. Due to the protrusion of the teeth, the function of the lips is weakened after a long period of time, and the mouth cannot be closed. The protruding teeth are exposed, but the red lips are thick and have eversion. Both jaws protrude from the upper and lower jaws. It is not common in clinical practice. Because the teeth are arranged neatly, it does not attract the attention of parents. It is often missed the best period of correction. This disease is caused by genetic factors. In addition, bad oral habits, abnormal lip and tongue muscle dynamic balance and other diseases can cause this disease. occur.

Cause

One is simply because the arrangement of the teeth is disordered, the development and position of the upper and lower jaws are normal, called "dental malformation". Such deformities do not require surgery, just ask the dentist to rearrange the teeth. On the contrary, if the dental malformation is caused by abnormal development of the upper and lower jaws, the so-called "bone deformity", it is necessary to use surgical methods. In most cases, bone deformities are accompanied by varying degrees of dental malformations. If the abnormal jaws are not corrected by surgery, it is difficult to achieve the desired results.

an examination

Maxillofacial vascular malformation was used to observe the CT features of color flow and high flow vascular malformation, color Doppler ultrasonography and digital subtraction selective angiography. Results The CDFI and DS manifestations of the two vascular malformations were significantly different. The low-flow malformation contained a wide vein of the vein that was fixed and dilated. The high-flow malformation showed obvious nourishing arteries and could form arteriovenous fistula.

In the clinical work, the maxillary protrusion and the anti-mandibular deformity are the most common. Take these two types of malformations as an example. Maxillary prominence: commonly known as "opening the lips and teeth", "toothy teeth." Anti-jaw deformity: commonly known as "ground-covered", "dislocation", there are three reasons for the formation: (1) maxillary retraction; (2) mandibular protrusion; (3) maxillary retraction and mandibular protrusion.

Differential diagnosis

X-ray cephalometric measurement of mandibular protrusion

(1) The angle of the SNB and the angle of the face are increased, indicating that the mandible is opposite to the skull base and the mandibular angle is enlarged. The above measured values of the odontogenic anterior teeth were normal.

(2) Mandibular protrusion with maxillary retraction, SNB angle decreased S-Ptm, Ptm-6 decreased. The above measurements were normal without maxillary retraction.

(3) The angles of ANB angle and AB plane increase, and the AO-BO value decreases, indicating that the upper and lower jaws are obviously not adjusted. The above measured values of the odontogenic anterior teeth are basically normal.

(4) The surface bulge (G-Sn-Pg') increases, and the H angle (H line-N'P'g) decreases. The Z angle (FH-H line) increases, indicating that the soft tissue side protrusion decreases. Upper lip protrusion (Ls-SnPg') is reduced or normal. The lower lip protrusion (Li-SnPg') increases. The maxillary spur (Sn-G) decreased or normal, and the mandibular spur (Pg'-G) line increased.

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