Tiny testicles

Introduction The testes are male internal reproductive organs. Normal men have two testes, which are located on the left and right sides of the scrotum. The testes are oval and grayish white. Adult testes are 3.5-4.5 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, and 1-2 cm thick. Each testicle weighs 10-15 grams. Generally, the left side is about 1 cm lower than the right side. Some people have large and small testicles, one high and one low. If the difference is not big, it is normal.

Cause

The causes of small testicular disease are congenital and acquired:

First, there are two main reasons for congenital. One is congenital testicular dysplasia, which is caused by chromosomal abnormalities, and one in about 400 male infants. This type of patient is often delayed in puberty development, male secondary sexual characteristics are not obvious, 80% of patients may have feminized performance such as breast enlargement. The treatment of this disease is mainly to supplement the androgen, so that the patient can restore the male body and maintain sexual function. The other is congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a large increase in androgen synthesis in the adrenal gland, inhibiting the secretion of gonadotropins from the pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting testicular development. This patient presented with precocious puberty, a male secondary sexual characteristic before the age of 10, but the testicles were still small. The use of cortisone in this disease abroad has led to a decrease in plasma androgen, which leads to the development of testes.

Second, the factors that cause the testicular atrophy to become smaller are more complicated. Common ones are:

1 Trauma, accident or surgery causes testicular damage.

2 have suffered from mumps in adolescence with orchitis.

3 suffering from varicocele.

4 testicles are exposed to X-rays for a long time.

5 underwear is too tight or the hot water bath is too frequent, which interferes with the temperature regulation function in the scrotum.

3 suffering from endocrine diseases.

7 lack of nutrition.

8 environmental pollution.

9 Take drugs that damage the testes.

10 long-term excessive smoking, drinking and so on.

an examination

Related inspection

Testosterone testicular examination of cremaster reflex

Clinical examination: check the size and shape of the testicles.

Differential diagnosis

Testicular micro needs to be differentiated from the following symptoms.

Testicular hypoplasia: congenital testicular hypoplasia, also known as seminiferous tubule hypoplasia or primary small testicular disease or Klinefelter syndrome (Klinefelter syndrome). Described by Klinefelter, Reifenstein, and Albright in 1942, it is characterized by small testicles, no sperm, and increased gonadotropin in the urine. In 1959, Jacobs et al found that the patient's sex chromosome was 47,XXY, which is one more X chromosome than normal males. Therefore, this disease is called 47,XXY syndrome. The fundamental flaw is that males have one more X chromosome, and the common karyotype is 47, XXY or 46, XY/47, XXY.

Testicular atrophy: testicular atrophy, refers to a syndrome of men's testicles shrinking and softening, also known as "sub-wild", with one or both testicular atrophy, characterized by small and soft, most can cause infertility, and more Coming to mumps or trauma, there are also congenital. More due to lack of kidney gas, or caused by disease and evil damage. Congenital testicular dysplasia is not easy to cure, and secondary testicular atrophy also needs patient treatment. TCM syndrome differentiation can sometimes achieve certain effects.

Testicular pain: Testicular pain can be broadly divided into two situations, acute persistent pain and chronic recurrent pain, mostly caused by orchitis and injury, and testicular injury has a clear history of trauma.

No testicles: Testis is a male internal reproductive organ. Normal men have two testes, which are located on the left and right sides of the scrotum. Under normal circumstances, the testicles fall into the scrotum in the late stage of development of the fetus. However, common testicular diseases can lead to testicular insufficiency, testicular ectopic and testicular deficiencies, and no testicular symptoms, such as cryptorchidism, congenital testicular disease, dwarfism and so on.

Testicular pain: pain is more common in orchitis and injury. Orchitis is more common than blood. It is more common that bacteria pass through the urethra to the epididymis and testicles, causing epididymitis and orchitis. The epididymis and testicles are swollen and painful. There is a history of trauma and local swelling and congestion in the testicular injury. Strenuous exercise or sexual intercourse and violence can sometimes cause strong contraction of the cremaster muscle, which can cause the long testicles to twist and cause severe pain in the testicles. In the case of chronic pain, the lighter is prolonged. The pain is mild, generalized, and has radiation pain.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.