Anal lesions

Introduction Anal polyps, a type of anal lesion, asymptomatic in the static phase, visible during defecation, no pain, symptoms of occasional bleeding, different shapes. Just pay attention to diet, keep the stool smooth, prevent complications, and do not need treatment. There are also injection therapy, cryotherapy and the like. Surgical treatment should be performed when the anal lesion fails after the non-surgical treatment fails or the connective tissue supported by the ankle is extensively destroyed, hemorrhoids, thrombosis, spasm caused by symptoms or incarceration.

Cause

The cause has not been fully elucidated and is generally related to the following factors:

(1) Defects in physiological structure and straight steric position: When the human body stands or sits straight, the position of the anus is low, affected by gravity, the blood flow of the rectum and anus is blocked, and the upper rectal vein and its branches lack venous valve, and blood is easy to produce. The hoarding, and the rectal blood vessels are arranged in a special arrangement, and the muscle layer is easily pressed by the feces in different planes, so that the veins in the loose tissue under the mucosa are easily enlarged and varicated to produce sputum. So some people say that hemorrhoids are diseases that are unique to the human body. Limb reptiles such as cattle, horses, dogs, rabbits and other animals do not suffer from hemorrhoids, mainly because the reptiles have a high anus position, which is beneficial to the blood flow of the anorectal and is not easy to produce anorectal varices. In addition, in the vicinity of the tooth line, the small arteries and veins directly agree to form a cave-shaped vein, the muscular layer of the cave vein is poorly developed, the elastic fibers are less, the collagen fibers are more, and it is easy to expand and form acne.

(2) constipation: excessive defecation time or long-term diarrhea, can increase abdominal pressure, anorectal congestion, varicose veins, and even lead to separation of rectal mucosa and muscle layer, anal canal with feces, long-term easy to produce acne .

(3) Infectious factors: anal sinusitis, anal gland infection, perianal abscess, dysentery, enteritis, intestinal parasitic disease, colitis, etc., can cause inflammation of the surrounding tissue of the lower rectum, involvement of the iliac vein, inflammation, and iliac vein The wall becomes brittle, and secondary vasodilatation and congestion cause or aggravate acne.

(4) Pregnancy and childbirth: pregnant women, the fetus oppresses the pelvic vein, so that the venous return is blocked, the anorectal vasodilation, and due to the rise of progesterone levels in the body, causing sodium retention, vasodilatation and acne.

(5) Anal sphincter relaxation: patients who are old and weak and have multiple anal procedures to destroy the intact structure of the sphincter, due to the weakness of the sphincter, the prolapse of the ankle is aggravated.

(6) portal hypertension: cirrhosis, portal vein thrombosis, etc., can cause portal hypertension, due to the lack of venous valve in the portal system, can directly lead to increased pressure of the iliac plexus, causing hemorrhoids.

(7) Tumors: Tumors in the abdomen and pelvis, such as knots, rectal tumors, ovarian tumors, and uterine fibroids, can compress the pelvic veins, causing obstruction of the iliac veins to produce hemorrhoids.

(8) Genetic factors: Regarding genetic factors, Western medical views are not uniform and need further verification.

an examination

Related inspection

Regular anal visual anus examination anus reflex rectal-anal motor function measurement

Clinical manifestations:

Anal polyps are a type of acne. They are an asymptomatic sputum. They are visible during defecation. There is no pain. The symptoms are occasional bleeding and different shapes.

Can do anal visual examination and other differential diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis:

: Blood in the stool is usually bright red, not attached to the surface of the fecal block without mixing with the feces; it can also be expressed as blood drops before and after the stool, which is severely sprayed, and occurs more often in constipation.

Anal fissure: The amount of blood in the stool is less, most of which is found on toilet paper; the anus can be accompanied by severe pain in the stool, so that the patient does not dare to bowel.

Polyps: There is no discomfort when the stool is in the stool, the faecal is normal, and the blood is often attached to the surface of the fecal block.

Colorectal cancer: The blood in the stool is persistent, chronic with mucus and bloody stools. It is mixed with the feces, and it is frequent, sometimes only some blood or mucus is dissolved without feces. If the cancer is farther away from the anus, the incidence of blood in the stool will be lower. About 80% of rectal cancer has blood in the stool.

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