Recurrent right lung infection

Introduction Scimitar syndrome, the syndrome of pulmonary hypoplasia, also known as the scimitar syndrome, was first proposed by Neil et al. (1960). This sign is a congenital vascular malformation, a type of pulmonary venous malformation (subcardiac type), characterized by the opening of the right pulmonary vein in the inferior vena cava. The age of onset varies from 10 to 20 years old, and the incidence rate for men and women is 1:2. Different degrees of difficulty in breathing, increased during activities, recurrent episodes of right lung infection, cough, hemoptysis, fever and other symptoms. There may also be chronic cough, asthma, dizziness, and cyanosis. Some are asymptomatic for life.

Cause

(1) Causes of the disease

The cause of the intrinsic remains unclear, but most scholars believe that it is associated with abnormal development of the embryonic lung.

(two) pathogenesis

During the formation of lung buds, pulmonary vascular displacement and vascular drainage malformation may be caused by residual connections between the embryonic venous plexus, the large venous system, and the umbilical yolk vein. The right shift of the heart is related to the reduction of lung volume and is a secondary change.

an examination

Related inspection

Lung imaging tidal volume

Symptom

Different degrees of difficulty in breathing, increased during activities, recurrent episodes of right lung infection, cough, hemoptysis, fever and other symptoms. There may also be chronic cough, asthma, dizziness, and cyanosis. Some are asymptomatic for life. The age of onset varies. More common in the 10 to 20 years old, male and female incidence rate of 1:2. Some cases have dysplasia.

2. Signs

The heart is dulled to the right, like the right heart. The heart auscultis is audible and systolic murmur in the second intercostal space on the left sternal border, and the right lung breathe is low. Cardiopulmonary without abnormal signs. If the heart is extensive, you should be aware of the possibility of other congenital heart disease.

According to the clinical manifestations and auxiliary examination can make a diagnosis, clinical classification, type I: right lung hypoplasia, and the systemic circulation to the right lung donor. Type II: only the right lung is insufficiency, and the system without the systemic circulation to the right lung. Type III: no complicated deformity of the above two types.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of recurrent right lung infection:

1. Pneumonia: Pneumonia refers to inflammation of the terminal airway, alveolar and interstitial lung. Symptoms: fever, shortness of breath, persistent dry cough, may have unilateral chest pain, chest pain during deep breathing and coughing, a small amount of sputum or a large amount of sputum, may contain bloodshot. Children with pneumonia, symptoms are often not obvious, may have a mild cough or no cough at all. Should pay attention to timely treatment.

2, lung infection: difficulty breathing, changes in body temperature, cough, increased sputum and sputum trait changes.

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