Acute enteritis

Introduction to acute enteritis Acute enteritis is the most common disease in digestive diseases. Common intestinal infections include enteroviruses (Coxsackie, Echovirus) and other viruses, bacteria (such as bacilli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, cholera, Enterococcus), intestinal amoeba, parasites, etc. It is also related to food poisoning caused by improper diet, excessive intake of fresh food, chemical and drug poisoning, and food allergy. Clinical manifestations of diarrhea, abdominal pain, abdominal distension with varying degrees of nausea and vomiting, can lead to dehydration and even shock in severe cases. The disease can occur at any age, with more summer and autumn, and areas with poor public health. The cause is clear and timely, and it can generally be cured. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.5% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: blood in the stool, colon cancer, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, anemia

Cause of acute enteritis

Improper diet (24%):

Often due to overeating, eating too much high-fat and high-protein foods, drinking too much, drinking cold drinks, or after being cold. Or eat corrupt, polluted food, such as overnight food is not heated and disinfected, stinky fish rotten shrimp, not fresh crabs, seafood, meat in the refrigerator for a long time, fermented milk and dairy products. Mainly due to irritating, cold and spoilage food and other factors.

Intestinal infection (32%):

Such as common halophilic bacteria, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Proteus and Staphylococcus infections. Salmonella is the main pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis, and Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella typhimurium are more common.

Systemic infection (15%):

Such as typhoid, paratyphoid, hepatitis and sepsis.

Drug-induced (5%):

Such as salicylic acid preparations, arsenic, mercury and laxatives.

Food allergic reaction (10%):

Acute enteritis is frequent in summer, which is related to hot weather and easy food corruption.

Acute enteritis prevention

Summer and autumn are the high season of acute enteritis. Pay attention to food hygiene, eat less cold, do not eat fresh, overnight food, especially the raw fruits and vegetables should be thoroughly cleaned and washed. Once diarrhea, abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms occur, timely medication, especially attention to the presence of specific pathogens, such as cholera, dysentery bacilli, amoeba, etc., food poisoning immediately stop eating, food allergies promptly see a doctor.

Acute enteritis complications Complications, blood in the stool, colon cancer, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, anemia

(1) A large amount of blood in the stool: refers to a large amount of intestinal bleeding in a short period of time, accompanied by rapid increase in blood pressure, blood pressure drop and low blood color, requiring blood transfusion therapy.

(2) Intestinal stenosis: clinically asymptomatic, can cause intestinal obstruction in severe cases, in the case of intestinal stenosis in this disease, be alert to the tumor.

(3) Intestinal perforation: The application of corticosteroids is considered to be a risk factor for intestinal perforation.

(4) Toxic expansion: This is a serious disease of this disease, most people with colitis, the mortality rate can be as high as 44%, easy to have intestinal perforation.

(5) Colon cancer: About 5% of cases have cancer.

(6) diarrhea: due to inflammatory irritation, varying degrees of severity, diarrhea is the main symptom of this disease. Lighter 3-4 times a day, soft or mushy, can be mixed with mucus and pus and blood; severe cases dozens of times or alternating diarrhea and constipation.

(7) Abdominal pain: Mild patients have no abdominal pain or only abdominal discomfort. Generally, there is mild to moderate abdominal pain, which is a pain in the left lower abdomen. It may involve the law of alleviation of the whole abdomen.

(8) Constipation: The stool is fixed once every 4-5 days, and the stool is like an alpaca. Even if you don't take laxatives, you can't take it.

(9) Other symptoms: bloating, weight loss, fatigue, bowel, insomnia, multiple dreams, cold, severe fever, rapid heartbeat, and weakness, anemia, loss of water, electrolyte balance and nutritional disorders.

Acute symptoms of intestinal inflammation Common symptoms Limb weakness, abdominal distension, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal tenderness, shock, abdominal pain, dehydration, mucus

1. Abdominal pain: mostly located in the umbilicus, the pain is lighter. There can be varying degrees of tenderness.

2. Diarrhea: The main symptoms are different, acute onset, several times a day to more than 10 times, a yellow watery stool, may have foam or a small amount of mucus, severe cases can bring a small amount of pus.

3. There are varying degrees of nausea, bloating, headache, limb weakness, severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and even shock.

Acute enteritis examination

Early or mild cases of enteritis may have no signs. When examining the body, there may be mild tenderness in the upper abdomen or umbilical cord, and the bowel sounds are often hyperactive.

Blood routine: The total number of white blood cells and the percentage of neutrophils increased slightly.

Fecal routine: yellow watery stool, with a small amount of mucus, occasionally white blood cells and pus cells. Culture can find pathogenic bacteria.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of acute enteritis

Diagnose based on

1. Have a history of improper diet.

2. Abdominal pain, diarrhea with other digestive tract, systemic symptoms.

3. Blood routine: The total number of white blood cells and the percentage of neutrophils were slightly elevated.

4. Fecal routine: yellow watery stool, with a small amount of mucus, occasionally white blood cells and pus cells. Culture can find pathogenic bacteria.

Differential diagnosis

When the disease has upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it should be differentiated from bleeding caused by peptic ulcer and esophageal varices. A few cases of severe abdominal pain should be differentiated from peptic ulcer perforation, acute cholecystitis, acute peritonitis, acute appendicitis and atypical acute myocardial infarction.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.