Variant asthma

Introduction to Variant Asthma Variant asthma (CVA) is a special type of asthma. Cough is the only or major clinical manifestation. There are no obvious symptoms or signs such as wheezing and shortness of breath, but there is airway hyperresponsiveness. Many people suffer from coughing and persistent asthma, which causes coughing and prolonged unhealed, eventually leading to cough variant asthma. Therefore, variant asthma seriously affects the normal life of the patient, causing the patient to have difficulty breathing. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: multiple lung infections respiratory infections

Variant asthma etiology

Endocrine disorders (45%):

The biggest expectation of modern people is to eat well, and poor quality foods seriously affect people's body and endocrine, coupled with the lack of proper exercise, while malnutrition and overnutrition coexist. Various causes of endocrine disorders, induced diseases.

Air pollution (35%):

Cough variant asthma has a high probability in areas where industrialization is relatively fast. The reason is closely related to air quality. Now urban air is dirty and harmful gases are more.

Psychological factors (5%):

Urban white-collar workers are always "combat", mortgages, car loans, marriages, etc. become hearts.

Variant asthma prevention

1. The onset of variability asthma can be either simple or mixed with other diseases, and the accompanying disease may be the cause of the variability asthma attack or the result of the variability asthma attack. Therefore, we must treat the accompanying diseases while treating (including drug treatment and diet) variant asthma.

Second, other types of variant asthma, such as aspirin-type variant asthma (drug-dependent variant asthma), sports cough variant asthma, pregnancy-induced cough variant asthma, etc., must be directed to the cause and physical changes Come.

Third, enhance physical exercise, keep the living section, walk in the fresh air in the morning or jog, punch, do breathing exercises, thereby enhancing the body's immune function, resisting the invasion of external evils, can prevent variability asthma attacks. How to do daily care for patients with variant asthma | Precautions for variability asthma medication 4. Patients with variant asthma must pay attention to keep warm, especially when the spring and autumn season changes, avoid gluttoning or cold to avoid induced variability asthma attacks. At the same time, it must be noted that it is not possible to get wet and get wet.

Variant asthma complications Complications Multiple lung infections Respiratory infections

1, lower respiratory tract and lung infection: According to statistics, about half of the system is induced by upper respiratory tract virus infection. As a result, the immune function of the respiratory tract is disturbed, and it is easy to secondary to the lower respiratory tract and lung infection. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the immune function of asthma patients, maintain airway patency, clear airway secretions, keep the room clean, prevent colds, to reduce infection; once there is a sign of infection, appropriate antibiotics should be used according to bacteria and drug susceptibility.

2, water and electrolytes and acid-base imbalance: due to cough variant asthma attacks, hypoxia, inadequate feeding, dehydration, heart, liver, especially respiratory and renal insufficiency, often complicated by water, electrolytes and acid-base imbalance, some are affecting asthma An important factor in efficacy and prognosis. Efforts should be made to maintain the balance of water, electrolytes and acid-base. The electrolytes and arterial blood gas analysis should be monitored every day, and abnormalities should be detected in time to be processed in time.

3, pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema: due to cough variant asthma, gas retention in the alveolar, so that alveolar gas is excessive, lung pressure increased significantly, chronic asthma has emphysema caused by pulmonary rupture, the formation of spontaneous Pneumothorax; when applying mechanical ventilation, the peak pressure of the airway and alveoli is too high, and it is easy to cause alveolar rupture and form a barotrauma, causing pneumothorax and even mediastinal emphysema.

Variant asthma symptoms Common symptoms Throat itching Dry cough Dry cough After exercise, asthma, chest tightness, difficulty breathing

Mainly manifested as a hedgehog dry cough, usually cough is more intense, night cough is an important feature. Colds, cold air, dust, oily smoke, etc. are likely to induce or aggravate cough. Most of the cough is a persistent dry cough, especially at night or in the early hours of the morning. The episodes are frequent and intense, and many patients are accompanied by itchy throat. It is often induced and aggravated by cold, exercise, and inhalation of cold air. It can also be caused by exposure to pollen, dust, and certain foods. Variant asthma occurs mostly at night and in the early hours of the morning, and is most common in spring and autumn.

Swine asthma test

(1) sputum and blood eosinophils examination: If there is an increase, it has an auxiliary value for judging airway allergic inflammation.

(2) CT and bronchoscopy of the lung: For patients with differential diagnosis, such as atypical bronchial foreign body, tracheobronchial softening, bronchial lymph node tuberculosis, etc., this special examination can be selected to improve the diagnostic accuracy.

(3) Serum IgE measurement: total IgE and specific IgE (SIg) detection, if elevated, is also valuable for judging the body's allergies or allergens.

(4) Chest X-ray examination: to understand the presence or absence of comorbidities, but also has differential diagnosis value.

(5) Allergen skin test: It is a simple and quick method to determine the type of asthma allergen. The common inhaled allergen was dipped into the skin, and the pricking needle was used for pricking test on the forearm, and histamine and antigen solvent were used as positive and negative controls. For the type of positive allergen detected, it is possible to avoid contact, and it is difficult to avoid, or the effect of drug control alone is not good, and it may be considered to select specific allergen immunotherapy.

(6) Pulmonary function test: It is an important test to measure airway resistance and airflow velocity. Commonly used indicators: FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in the first second), PEF (maximum expiratory peak flow rate), FVC (pulmonary capacity). Clinical value: Firstly, it can assist patients with suspected asthma to get a definite diagnosis; at the same time, it can help to assess the severity of the disease; it can also monitor the efficacy. A bronchodilatation test may be performed for atypical asthma, and a positive rate of 2 agonist inhalation or adrenaline subcutaneous injection for 15 minutes may be detected as positive for FEV1 and/or PEF rise 15%; or a bronchial challenge test with inhaled acetyl group A reduction of more than 20% of FEV1 after choline or histamine is a positive reaction, suggesting an increase in airway responsiveness and an important diagnostic value.

Differential diagnosis of asthma

The diagnostic criteria for variant asthma are as follows :

(1) Cough recurrent for 1 month, and coughing increases at night or early morning.

(2) There is no clear evidence of inflammation, and antibiotic treatment is ineffective.

(3) With bronchodilator, the cough attack can be relieved (basic diagnosis conditions).

(4) There is a history of personal allergies or family allergies. The main inhalation is 2 agonist, beclomethasone dipropionate, dexamethasone, and controlled release sputum.

(5) The disease is caused by an allergic constitutional allergic environment.

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