Thrombocytopenic purpura

Introduction to thrombocytopenic purpura Thrombocytopenic purpura (thrombocytopenicpurpura) is a defect in the skin mucosa caused by thrombocytopenia, ecchymosis or visceral bleeding. Divided into primary or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; secondary or symptomatic thrombocytopenic purpura. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: anemia

Thrombocytopenic purpura

(1) Causes of the disease

1. Primary or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Clinically divided into type 2, acute type is associated with viral infections such as rubella, measles, chickenpox, mumps, infectious mononucleosis and viral hepatitis.

2. Secondary or symptomatic thrombocytopenic purpura

(1) Hematopoietic diseases such as aplastic anemia, myeloma, leukemia, malignant lymphoma, myelofibrosis, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency, paroxysmal sleep hemoglobinuria, hemolytic anemia, etc.

(2) Drugs such as chemotherapeutics, antibiotics, quinines, sulfonamides, antipyretic analgesics, phenobarbital, anti-tuberculosis drugs and diuretics.

(3) infections such as sepsis, typhoid, typhus, tuberculosis, scarlet fever, etc.

(4) Others such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiple hemolysis reactions, hemangiomas, hypersplenism, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and extracorporeal circulation.

(two) pathogenesis

Primary or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, acute type may be caused by cross-reactivity of antiviral antibodies with platelet membrane or adhesion of immune complexes to platelets, chronic type associated with self-production of anti-platelet antibodies, secondary or symptomatic Spontaneous thrombocytopenic purpura is a series of reactions caused by hematopoietic diseases, drugs, infections, other disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiple hemolysis reactions, and hemangioma.

Thrombocytopenic purpura prevention

1) Prevention of various infections such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and the like. Actively prevent upper respiratory tract infections.

2) There is a diet.

3) Adjust your mood to keep your mood relaxed and happy.

4) Regularly participate in physical exercise, enhance physical fitness, and prevent colds.

5) Actively remove the infected area to prevent upper respiratory tract infection.

6) Identify allergens as much as possible.

7) Patients should be restricted in their acute phase and bleeding.

Thrombocytopenic purpura complications Complications anemia

Acute intracranial hemorrhage is rare, but it is more dangerous. Chronic long-term repeated massive bleeding can cause anemia and mild swelling of the spleen.

Thrombocytopenic purpura symptoms Common symptoms Urinary bilirubin negative skin mucosa purpura with visceral mucosal hemorrhage after collision skin easily cyanosis menstrual volume multiple skin mucosal hemorrhage freckle nosebleed hematoma formation

Acute type

More common in infants and young children, more than a history of viral infection, incubation period of 2 to 21 days, sudden onset, may have chills, fever, skin and mucous membranes appear a wide range of defects, ecchymosis, enlarge into large pieces, and even form blood blister, Hematoma, especially in the collision site, nose bleeding, gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage is rare, but more dangerous, the general course of disease 4 to 6 weeks, mostly self-limiting, good prognosis, repeated episodes in some cases After turning to chronic.

2. Chronic type

Mainly seen in adult women, the onset is slow, the symptoms are relatively light, the menorrhagia is often the first symptom and main manifestations, the skin and mucous membranes are scattered in the sputum and ecchymosis, blood blister and hematoma are rare, can involve any organ of the internal organs, sometimes visible Wound bleeding after trauma or minor surgery, long-term repeated massive bleeding can cause anemia, mild swelling of the spleen, the condition often lasts more than half a year, repeated attacks, intermittent symptoms can be without any symptoms.

Examination of thrombocytopenic purpura

Thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time, normal clotting time, poor blood clot retreat, increased number of bone marrow megakaryocytes, blood loss anemia, anti-platelet antibodies can be positive, if other blood system diseases, there are corresponding laboratory indicators change.

Diagnosis and differentiation of thrombocytopenic purpura

diagnosis

According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of the lesions, the characteristics of the experimental examination can be diagnosed.

Differential diagnosis

Autologous red blood cell allergic purpura: occurs mostly after a serious trauma or major surgery. The site of purpura first appeared itching, burning, tingling, and redness and ecchymosis appeared after a few hours. The range of bleeding is rapidly expanding, with the thigh as a multiple site.

Allergic purpura in children: It occurs in children over 3 years old, especially in school-age children. The incidence of males is about 2 times that of females. 1 to 3 weeks before onset, there is often a history of upper respiratory tract infection, more than allergic purpura in the spring and autumn: the typical manifestations of this disease can affect the skin, gastrointestinal tract, joints and kidneys, four can appear alone, or One type of organ symptoms mainly exists in combination. Abdominal pain is the main manifestation.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.