Narcolepsy in children

Introduction to pediatric narcolepsy Narcolepsy, known as Gelincau syndrome, also known as Navcolepsy syndrome, Westphl-Gelineausches syndrome, Gelineau-Redliehsches syndrome, etc., is also known as tetradofsleepattacks or teeralogy of narcolepsy. This symptom is a special type of sleep disorder characterized by no time, sudden onset, and difficulty in restraining sleepiness. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.2% - 0.5% Susceptible people: children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: head trauma

Causes of narcolepsy in children

(1) Causes of the disease

The etiology of this disease may be related to damage or dysfunction of the posterior hypothalamic and reticular formation.

(two) pathogenesis

Some scholars have found that the onset of this disease is related to the rapid eye movement period (REM) in the sleep cycle. It appears as a rapid sleep during the onset of the episode, which is the same day and night, so that the disease is due to the control of the eye. Caused by physiological mechanisms of sleep during exercise.

The disease may have genetic factors, and the patient's HLA-DR2 is mostly positive.

Pediatric narcolepsy prevention

1. Patients should consciously arrange their life with rich and colorful activities, participate in cultural and sports activities, do some interesting work, and try to avoid monotonous activities.
2, maintain optimistic mood, establish confidence in the fight against disease, avoid depression, sadness, but should not be too excited. Because of the loss of excitement can induce a tripping episode.
3, patients with paroxysmal sleepiness should try to avoid taking sedative drugs, so as not to increase the incidence.

Pediatric narcolepsy complications Complications, head trauma

Can cause trauma and accidents.

Symptoms of pediatric narcolepsy Common symptoms Sleepiness hallucinations stunned auditory hallucinations

The disease often occurs in young people from 10 years old to 20 years old. It is more common in men. The ratio of male to female is about 6:1. The main symptoms are as follows.

Sleepiness episode

Uncontrollable lethargy can occur in various occasions and activities during the day. There is an irresistible sense of sleepiness, forcing the patient to fall asleep immediately. This abnormal sleep occurs once to several times a day, each time lasting several minutes. Hours of sleep vary in depth, but similar to normal sleep is that you can wake up at any time and wake up as usual.

2. cataplexy

About 70% of patients are accompanied by cataplexy. The so-called squatting episode refers to sudden agitation under the incentives of emotion, laughter, convulsions, fear, etc. The consciousness is clear at the time of attack, and it only recovers from a few seconds to 30 minutes. This clinical phenomenon is Due to sudden loss of muscle tone and muscle strength.

3. Sleep

About one-third of patients have a few seconds to a few minutes of physical relaxation when they fall asleep or wake up. They can't move and have a strong sense of fear. They can be recovered by gently pushing the body.

4. Before going to sleep hallucinations

About a quarter of the patients have a terrible illusion of falling asleep in addition to the drowsiness episode, which is regarded as the main illusion, and may have an illusion, an auditory hallucination, and the like.

Examination of pediatric narcolepsy

Generally no abnormal findings, it is considered that in patients with symptoms, if the HLA-DR2 antigen is negative, the disease can be ruled out. EEG examination during sleepiness episodes, EEG is a typical sleep wave.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of pediatric narcolepsy

Diagnosis can be made based on clinical manifestations and typical sleep waves on the EEG at the time of onset. The onset of sleepiness is the main symptom of the diagnosis of this disease. Other manifestations do not occur at the same time in each case or at each episode.

In the diagnosis process, it is necessary to distinguish from sleep apnea, epilepsy, paroxysmal lethargy-Bitter syndrome (Kleine-Levin syndrome), obesity-sleepiness syndrome (Pickwickian syndrome).

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