Lung cancer bone metastases

Introduction to lung cancer bone metastasis Bone metastases in lung cancer are mostly osteolytic destruction, small cell undifferentiated carcinoma and a few adenocarcinomas can be characterized by osteogenic destruction. Of the patients, 86% had osteolytic destruction, 6.9% had osteogenic destruction, and 6.9% had mixed destruction. The incidence of hypercalcemia in primary lung cancer was 26%. The hypercalcemia in cancer patients is mainly caused by the increase of osteoclast activity caused by bone metastasis, which causes calcium in the bone to enter the extracellular fluid, which may be caused by PTHrP secreted by the tumor, and has nothing to do with bone metastasis. Therefore, the incidence of hypercalcemia is not high in lung cancer patients with bone metastases. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0001% Susceptible people: People who smoke regularly, older people older than 55 years old, have a family history of lung cancer. Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: lung cancer

Causes of bone metastasis in lung cancer

It usually occurs in a variety of cancers. The more commonly recognized mode of transfer is: 1 primary tumor cells infiltrate surrounding tissues into the vasculature (blood and lymph); 2 tumor cells are released from the blood circulation; 3 tumor cells stay in the blood vessel wall; 4 tumor cells re-transparent The endothelial cells escape from the blood vessels and then proliferate outside the blood vessels; 5 The blood vessels in the metastatic cancer lesions are established to form bone metastasis lesions.

Lung cancer bone metastasis prevention

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Lung cancer bone metastasis complications Complications

Lung cancer bone metastasis symptoms common symptoms local tenderness bone pain

Early symptoms

There is usually no symptoms in the early stage of bone metastasis, and bone isotope scans can detect diseased bones. The symptoms of bone metastasis are related to the location and quantity of tumor metastasis. For example, chest pain caused by rib metastasis of lung cancer is often manifested as pain with a clear tender point in the chest wall. Spinal cord metastases cause pain in the center of the back or lesions, and bone metastases in the extremities or trunk cause localized pain in the area. Bone metastasis is not the direct cause of the life of lung cancer patients. However, if the tumor is transferred to the body's weight-bearing bones such as cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, etc., it can cause serious consequences of sputum. Therefore, patients with bone metastases should be treated promptly.

Late symptoms

In the advanced stage of bone metastasis of lung cancer, radiotherapy is the best to prevent pathological fractures. A large number of clinical trials have proved that although radiotherapy has achieved good analgesic effect, it often leads to bone marrow suppression, which causes blood toxicity and becomes a hindrance to the smooth treatment of patients. Pain symptoms can be effectively alleviated, and the total effective rate of pain relief is over 80%.

Bone is one of the most common sites of malignant tumor metastasis. Bone metastasis is also one of the leading causes of lung cancer. The diagnosis rate of bone metastasis of lung cancer is relatively low, and bone pain, pathological fracture, local compression and hypercalcemia also complicate treatment.

About 2.3% of patients have bone metastases as the first lung cancer symptoms, and about 30% to 40% of advanced patients will have bone metastases. Many complications are also associated with bone metastases, such as severe bone pain, pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, and decreased behavioral abilities. Studies have shown that bone-related events occur in 50% of patients with bone metastases from lung cancer.

Examination of bone metastasis of lung cancer

1. Radionuclide bone scan (ECT) examination: The diagnosis rate of bone metastasis of lung cancer is high. It can detect metastases several months before X-ray film and CT found bone metastasis, and false positive for bone metastasis of multiple lung cancer. Very few, there is a certain false positive for singleness.

2, X-ray examination: can be used as a basic examination for the diagnosis of bone metastasis of lung cancer, can help to detect the extent of bone marrow and cortical destruction of osteolytic bone metastasis, can also be used to confirm other imaging findings, but for no bone Destructive metastases are less sensitive.

3, CT examination: CT diagnosis of lung cancer bone metastasis is more sensitive than X-ray. Early bone destruction can be found, generally no false positives, but it is difficult to find jumping vertebral metastases.

4, MRI examination: MRI is highly sensitive to the diagnosis of lung cancer bone metastasis, lung cancer suspected bone metastasis should be routinely performed bone imaging examination, for multiple and obvious radioactive concentration is judged as bone metastasis, and for single-shot agglomerates MRI was performed by X-ray plain film or CT, and the multiple concentration was less obvious.

Diagnosis and differentiation of bone metastasis from lung cancer

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