Orbital leiomyoma

Introduction to orbital leiomyomas Leiomyoma is a benign tumor composed of smooth muscle cells, which occurs in tissues and organs containing smooth muscle, such as the uterus and gastrointestinal tract. The original origins in the shackles are rare, and in the past they were mostly reported. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.03% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: eye movement disorders

Causes of orbital leiomyomas

(1) Causes of the disease

still uncertain.

(two) pathogenesis

There are two parts of the smooth muscle in the eyelid, namely the smooth muscle and the vascular smooth muscle. The smooth muscle includes the Müller orbital muscle and the periocular muscle. The Müller muscle is a thin layer of smooth muscle that is attached to the front end of the diaphragm, and the Müller muscle is distributed on the diaphragm. The periosteum of the lower fissure is a fan-shaped thin layer of smooth muscle fibers. It is connected to the inferior oblique muscle forward on the base of the sac, and the other part of the fiber is posterior to the fat of the cavernous sinus and the pterygopalatine. The eyeball is surrounded by the eyeball. The first 1/2 thin layer of smooth muscle fibers, 3 to 7 mm wide, with unclear boundaries, vascular smooth muscle tumors may be derived from the smooth muscle layer of small blood vessels (mainly the internal iliac vein), which may be called vascular leiomyoma, the following two Facts support this inference:

There are many blood vessels in the tip of the iliac crest, and the leiomyomas usually occur in the tip of the sac, and the anterior sacral tumor is not related to the Müller muscle.

2 There are many blood vessels in the tumor. The tumor cells grow around the blood vessels and are arranged in an onion-like manner. The cells are closely connected with the blood vessels, and histologically can provide the basis for the tumor to occur in the blood vessels.

Orbital leiomyoma prevention

If you pay attention to your usual habits, timely detection of timely treatment will not have much impact on your body.

Orbital leiomyomas complications Complications, eye movement disorders

Retinal edema and eye movement disorders.

Symptoms of orbital leiomyomas Common symptoms Eyeballs are not free to move visual impairment Retinal edema Eyeballs macular discoid degeneration

Symptoms vary depending on the location of the tumor. It occurs in the tip of the tumor. First, the eyesight is reduced. At the time of diagnosis, there is even a light sensation. Sometimes it is misdiagnosed as posterior optic neuritis. Some patients have prominent eyeballs, and most of them are progressive axes. Sexuality, when the eyelid pressure is high, the eyeball can not be returned, the tumor is pressed forward to the posterior pole of the eyeball, and the posterior wall of the eyeball is flat, even protruding into the vitreous cavity, retinal edema, macular degeneration or choroidal fold, optic disc atrophy or edema, eye movement The performance is limited to one or more directions. The tumor only occurs in the anterior part of the iliac crest. The eyeball can be displaced to one side without eyeball protrusion. It can be swollen and swollen, hard, smooth surface, no tenderness, can push .

Examination of orbital leiomyoma

Pathological examination: the specimen is generally round, elliptical or lobulated, with a complete capsule, a small bulge on the surface, pink or gray-red, the tumor is braided, the edges are gray, and the center is slightly reddish. The tumor is composed of highly differentiated smooth muscle cells. The tumor cells are long fusiform, bundled, intricate or swirling, with clear cell boundaries, abundant cytoplasm, pink staining, and longitudinal muscle fibers and nuclei. It is cigar-like or oblong, blunt at both ends, uniform in size, sometimes in a fence-like arrangement, with prominent nucleoli, no variability and nuclear fission. The tumor is rich in blood vessels, and the multi-layered tumor cells are arranged on the blood vessel in an onion-like manner. There is a small amount of fibrous tissue. Masson's trichrome staining cells are red but no horizontal stripes. Van Gieson stains yellow. The connective tissue between the tumor cells is green and red. Electron microscopy is helpful for the identification of leiomyomas. Cytoplasm There is a lot of myofibril inside.

1. X-ray examination is not easy to find lesions, such as long course of disease, tumor caused by increased pressure, sacral cavity enlargement, X-ray shows increased cloud-like density of enlarged sacral cavity, adjacent to sacral wall tumor, chronic compression caused local bone resorption, around it Annular hyperplasia, forming a regular circular or elliptical hardened ring.

2. Ultrasonic exploration B-mode ultrasound can be seen in round or elliptical space-occupying lesions with clear boundaries, less internal echo, poor sound transmission, and cannot be compressed.

3. CT scan has various CT signs of benign tumors, mostly located in the posterior part of the iliac crest, round or round, the boundary is clear and homogeneous, moderately enhanced after injection of positive contrast agent, showing that the sacral cavity is enlarged, and there are many tumors. Calcium plaques, postoperative incision specimens confirmed the presence of calcification, which occurred in the apex of the sacral sac.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of orbital leiomyoma

The leiomyomas have the symptoms and signs of general benign tumors. Clinical manifestations and imaging examinations can only suggest benign space-occupying lesions and soft-tissue tumors, making it difficult to make histological judgments.

It can be distinguished from hemangioma in imaging findings, which are solid tumors.

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