Liposarcoma

Introduction to liposarcoma Liposarcoma (liposarcoma) is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal cells originating from different stages of adipocytes and differentiation into adipocytes, and the incidence is the second or third place in soft tissue malignant tumors. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0006% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious complication:

The cause of liposarcoma

(1) Causes of the disease

The cause is still unknown. It depends on the actual condition.

(two) pathogenesis

The pathogenesis is still unclear.

Liposar sarcoma prevention

There is no effective preventive measure for this disease. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of this disease.

Liposar sarcoma complications Complication

Generally no complications.

Liposarcoma symptoms common symptoms nodular local soft tissue infiltration

1. This disease is more common in men, often in middle-aged and elderly people (30 to 80 years old, average 50 years old), more common in the lower limbs, especially the thigh, can also be found in the buttocks, upper limbs, neck and trunk.

2. The lesions are nodular or lobulated, often large, ranging from 2 to 20 cm in diameter (average 10 cm), soft, some have a cystic appearance, the border is clearer, and generally no pain.

3. Most of them only have local invasive growth, which is easy to relapse after excision. The poorly differentiated people are easy to metastasize and metastasize to the lungs and liver.

Liposar sarcoma examination

Histopathology: Tumors generally occur in deep soft tissues and then spread to subcutaneous tissues. A few occur in subcutaneous tissues, which are rare in the dermis and can occur in areas where there is no mature adipocyte tissue. According to the type of tissue tumor cells, tumors can be divided. Type 4: well differentiated, mucinous, round cell type, polymorphic liposarcoma.

1. well-differentiated type This type is rare, the lesion is located in the deep soft tissue, the subcutaneous tissue is relatively rare, the boundary is clear, the tumor is almost entirely composed of mature fat cells, and the fibrous tissue is divided into leaves of different sizes. It resembles lipoma, and the tumor cells are mildly polymorphous. Vacuolar cells can be seen in some fibrous tissue regions. The nucleus is large and deeply stained, such as increased fibrous tissue, which can be called sclerosing liposarcoma, cytological research. This type is related to the long arm of chromosome 12.

2. Myxoid type accounts for more than half of this tumor. Most patients have an early onset age. The tumor tissue contains a uniform mucin-like matrix and a branch-like capillary network, forming a characteristic cavity, uniform, and thin as "Egg shell-like" contains a large number of small round cells and a variable number of adipogenic cells. In cytology, this type has t(12;16)(q13;P11) ectopic, which causes changes in the translation factor CHOP gene. It is a poorly differentiated tumor, which is rare from subcutaneous metastasis, but is easy to relapse and can be transformed into a round cell type.

3. Round cell type This type is rare, often developed from long-term or recurrent poorly differentiated mucinous lipoma. The tumor cells are mainly round cells, arranged in a sheet or nest, mitotic figures. More common, high malignancy, this type of tumor cells can be positive for S-100 staining.

4. Pleomorphic type is the least common type of lipoma. Late appearance, tumor cells show pleomorphism and atypicality, and see more tumor giant cells, few mitotic figures, hemorrhage and necrosis. obvious.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of liposarcoma

According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of skin lesions and histopathological features can be diagnosed.

Differential diagnosis

Histopathology: mainly depends on histopathological diagnosis. There are few lipids in tumor cells in poorly differentiated mucinous lipoma, and lipid staining is often needed to confirm the diagnosis.

1. Differentiated liposarcoma should be differentiated from lipoma, xanthoma, diffuse neurofibroma, cutaneous fibrosarcoma, etc. Identifying atypical fat cells can be helpful in diagnosis and special staining if necessary.

2. Mucinous liposarcoma should be differentiated from myxoma, superficial angiomyxoma, and the latter two without adipocytes.

3. Round cell type liposarcoma contains adipogenic cells and may be stained with S-100 if necessary.

4. Polymorphic liposarcoma needs to be differentiated from malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The liposarcoma cells are mostly vacuolar fat cells, and there are no abnormal giant cells, while the latter tumor cells are mainly foam cells and common abnormal giant cells.

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