Presbyopia

Introduction to Presbyopia Presbyopia is a physiological phenomenon that is not a pathological state nor a refractive error. It is a visual problem that people must inevitably appear after entering middle-aged and old age. With age, the ability of eye regulation gradually declines, causing patients to be near-difficulty. In close-range work, a convex lens must be added in addition to its static refractive correction to have clear near vision. This phenomenon is called presbyopia. The occurrence and development of presbyopia is directly related to age. Most of them occur after the age of 45. The occurrence of their effects is related to other factors, such as the original refractive error, height reading habits, lighting and general health. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 2% - 5% Susceptible people: multiple middle-aged and elderly people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: eyelid eczema conjunctival tuberculosis conjunctival xerosis acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

Presbyopia

Refractive error (30%):

The distance between presbyopia and presbyopia is earlier than that of myopia; after the wearer wears the spectacles, the correction lens has a distance of 12mm~15mm from the apex of the cornea, which reduces the adjustment requirement of the same reading distance, and the nearsighted person wearing the contact lens Since the corneal contact lens is worn on the corneal surface, the corrected optical system is close to the emmetropic eye. Therefore, wearing the contact lens is earlier than the appearance of the presbyopic lens.

Eye method (30%):

Adjusting the demand is directly related to the working distance. Therefore, it is prone to the symptoms of presbyopia in close-range fine workers, and those who work in close-range work are older than those who work in the distance.

Physical fitness (10%):

The taller man with a long arm has a longer working distance than the shorter one with a shorter arm, and requires less adjustment, so the latter has presbyopia symptoms earlier.

Drug factors (20%):

Patients taking insulin anti-anxiety antidepressants, antipsychotics, antihistamines, antispasmodics and diuretics will have premature appearance of presbyopia due to the effect of the drug on the ciliary muscle.

Presbyopia prevention

Chinese medicine believes that the function of all eyes depends on the maintenance of the internal organs, while the kidneys are fine. If the kidneys are insufficient, the vision is near and the distance is unknown. If you do not pay attention to the adjustment, hunger and dysfunction, eyesight, depression, depression, greed, will increase the loss of yin. Lead to loss of Yin, yin and yang imbalance, water and fire, so that the eyesight weakened. Therefore, to prevent presbyopia should first abandon bad habits, to achieve regular living, spiritual pleasure, prevent excessive use of the eyes, and exercise properly.

Presbyopia complications Complications, eczema, eczema, conjunctival tuberculosis, conjunctival dryness, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

Excessive stressful chronic stimuli can cause chronic inflammatory changes in tissues such as the eyelids and conjunctiva.

Symptoms of presbyopia common symptoms, near-difficulty, tearing, fatigue, near-lasting, unresponsive, slow-eyed

The discomfort of the viewer varies from person to person because it is related to the individual's basic refractive status, eye habits, occupations and hobbies. For example, a subjective feeling of a close-range fine worker on presbyopia will be better than Traffic police officers who watch long-distance vehicles and traffic lights as their main tasks are much more intense.

Nearly difficult

Patients will gradually find reading at the usual working distance, and can't see the small fonts. Contrary to myopia patients, patients will unconsciously lean back or take the newspaper farther to see the words, and The required reading distance increases with age.

2. Reading requires more illumination

At the beginning, reading at night was a bit uncomfortable, because the night light was dark, and the lack of illumination not only increased the visual resolution threshold, but also caused the pupil to dim. Because the pupil dilated to form a large diffusing circle on the retina, the presbyopia was The symptoms are more obvious. As you get older, you can easily get tired even when you work close-up during the day. So people with presbyopia like to use brighter lights at night, sometimes in the middle of books and eyes. Not only can the contrast between the book and the text be increased, but also the pupil can be reduced, but the light will inevitably cause glare interference. The closer the interference source is to the visual axis, the greater the impact on vision. Some elderly people like to Reading the book in the sun is the truth.

3. The near vision cannot last

Insufficient adjustment is that the near point gradually becomes far away. After efforts, you can also see the near objects. If this effort exceeds the limit, it will cause the ciliary body to be nervous. When you look at distant objects, you cannot relax immediately because of the tension of the ciliary body. Therefore, temporary myopia is formed, and there is a short time of blurring when looking at nearby objects. This is to adjust the performance of slow response. When the action of the ciliary muscle is close to its functional limit and it cannot work, fatigue occurs because of the adjustment force. Decreased, the patient should work close to the distance in the state of close to the limit of binocular adjustment, so it can not last, and due to the linkage effect of the adjustment set, over-adjustment will cause excessive collection, which is also a factor that causes discomfort, so it is easy to string Lines, writing in pairs, and finally can not read, some patients may even have eye swelling, tears, headache, itchy eyes and other symptoms of visual fatigue.

Presbyopia check

For any presbyopic person, the first step in optometry is to detect distant ametropia, that is, the standard optometry procedure for accurate ametropia optometry and mating is the beginning of the success of the presbyopia fitting. The fitting physician must establish this concept and first be proficient in the standard optometry procedure.

Accurate optometry and complete correction of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. The near-additional measurement is to be performed under the condition that the two eyes are simultaneously viewed under the condition of complete refractive correction. When selecting the appropriate optotype (reading material) and the appropriate lighting system during the test, when the prescription is finalized, it should be adjusted according to individual needs.

Presbyopia diagnosis

According to the test results of presbyopia combined with the patient's age and clinical manifestations, it can be diagnosed.

Hyperopia and presbyopia are two different refractive states, but because they are corrected by convex lenses, the distance vision is good, and the two are often confused. Hyperopia is a kind of refractive error. After wearing a convex lens, you can see both the distance and the distance. Seeing the near side, and the presbyopia is only because the adjustment of the weakening of the force, the near target is not clear, of course, is a physiological obstacle, although wearing a convex lens can see the near goal (book, newspaper), but You can't use this mirror to see distant objects at the same time, which is different from the situation in which the far-sighted person wears a mirror.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.