Sympathetic chain syndrome

Introduction to sympathetic chain syndrome Sympathetic chain syndrome (sympatheticchainsyndrome) is a clinical syndrome with multiple causes leading to long-term recessive existence. When the ganglion damage is severe and the compensatory ability is weakened, typical symptoms appear, which are often delayed and diagnosed, and are occasionally found in autopsy. Due to the different sympathetic ganglia, the clinical manifestations are not the same, but all have common clinical symptoms. Such as pain, sensory disturbances, vascular dysfunction and so on. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the incidence of this disease in the middle-aged and elderly population is about 0.04%-0.05% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious complication:

Cause of sympathetic chain syndrome

(1) Causes of the disease

Many causes can cause sympathetic chain syndrome, such as various acute and chronic infections, systemic or local infections, various endogenous, exogenous poisoning, and trauma, spinal degenerative diseases, tumors, vascular diseases and chronic Irritating lesions, etc.

(two) pathogenesis

The disease is caused by different sympathetic ganglia, which leads to the corresponding clinical manifestations. The pathological changes vary with the primary disease. Infectious inflammation is caused by intracellular vacuolation and steatosis, with ganglion interstitial and surrounding tissue congestion, edema. And infiltration, poisoning and sepsis cause visible ganglion cell necrosis.

Sympathetic chain syndrome prevention

Improve the clinician's understanding of the disease, early diagnosis and treatment, can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms.

Complications of sympathetic chain syndrome Complication

It is related to the primary disease and has clinical manifestations of primary disease.

Sympathetic Syndrome Symptoms Common Symptoms Persistent Pain Ants Walk numbness Reflexes Hyperthyroidism Sensory Disorders Nutritional Disorders Hair Loss Sweating Reduces Deep Sensory Disorder Chest Tightness

1. The disease can occur at any age, both sexes can occur, clinically not uncommon, because typical symptoms appear in the late stage, making the clinical diagnosis rate lower, mostly subacute or chronic onset, can also acute onset, There is usually a tendency to switch to chronic prolongation, when the time is up, the basic characteristics of local sympathetic chain lesions are: segmental asymmetry and strong diffusivity and periodic exacerbation, due to different sympathetic ganglia Clinical manifestations vary, but all have common clinical symptoms.

2. Pain and sensory disturbances

The pain is paroxysmal or persistent, with increased seizures, heavier nights, mood swings, physical labor, weather changes and cold stimuli can all aggravate the pain, the range is more diffuse, there is a wide spread trend, the damaged sympathetic ganglia The body surface projection area may have tenderness. If the tender point is found to help locate the diagnosis, various sensory abnormalities may occur, such as numbness, ant feeling, etc. The objective sensory disorder is lighter than the subjective symptoms, mostly painful abnormalities. Temperature abnormalities are less common, and tactile and deep sensory disturbances are less common.

3. Skin and appendage changes

Symptoms may appear on the skin, such as increased sweating and hyperactivity of the hair. It may also be characterized by loss of function, such as reduced skin electrical conductivity, reduced sweating and decreased paroxysmal reflexes. In addition, the skin may also have nutritional disorders, dryness and atrophy. , hair loss and finger (toe) nails become brittle.

4. Vascular dysfunction

Mainly manifested as small arteries and capillary vasospasm, but also vasotropia, and even paralysis, as well as somatic nerve dysfunction.

Examination of sympathetic chain syndrome

1. The routine and biochemical examination of hematuria is related to the primary disease.

2. Cerebrospinal fluid routine examination is mostly non-specific.

3. The skull and limb imaging examination have differential diagnosis significance.

4. Drug and toxicology tests also have a differential diagnosis of the cause.

Diagnosis and differentiation of sympathetic chain syndrome

According to the occurrence of paroxysmal or persistent pain in a lateral sympathetic innervation area, or obvious tenderness in the sympathetic ganglion projection area, the disease may be considered.

The disease should be distinguished from syringomyelia, angina pectoris, thromboangiitis obliterans, etc., and attention should be paid to the identification of different causes.

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