Calcaneal osteomyelitis

Introduction to calcaneal osteomyelitis The calcaneus is the largest tibia of the human body. It is mainly composed of cancellous bone, surrounded by a thin layer of cortical bone. When the human body is standing, the calcaneus is at the lowest position, and the blood flow is slow due to gravity, which is beneficial to the bacteria to stay in the bone, especially in the center of the body of the calcaneus, the triangular region with few trabecular bones, rich in bone marrow, is the calcaneus. The weak part of the structure is thus a prone site for hematogenous osteomyelitis of the calcaneus. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: ankle sprain

Causes of calcaneal osteomyelitis

When the human body stands, the calcaneus is at the lowest position, and the blood return is slow due to gravity, which is beneficial to the bacteria to stay in the bone.

After adult osteophytes are closed, blood-borne osteomyelitis occurs mostly in the vertebrae, humerus or calcaneus where the red bone marrow is concentrated, where lesions form and spread to the periphery, because the periosteum is tightly and firmly attached to the periosteum. A large subperiosteal abscess is rarely formed before the abscess is worn. It is easy to form the sinus after piercing the cortex.

Calcaneal osteomyelitis prevention

The disease is caused by traumatic factors, no effective preventive measures, pay attention to production and life safety, and avoid injury is the key to prevent this disease.

Calcaneal osteomyelitis complications Complications

The heel is the main focus of the body, and is susceptible to friction. The cortical bone is thin and the periosteum is firmly attached to the bone tissue. Therefore, after osteomyelitis, the periosteum is peeled off less, and the crust is formed less, and the perforation is Most of them, plus less local soft tissue, poor blood supply, dead space is difficult to heal, in addition, in the case of calcaneal osteomyelitis, inflammation of the calcaneus can develop along the Achilles tendon, causing complications such as muscles in the back of the calf and muscle interstitial infection.

Calcaneal osteomyelitis symptoms common symptoms heel pain heel congestion high heat foot lateral pain foot heel long bone spur

The main symptoms of this disease are rapid onset, often accompanied by high fever, swelling of the calcaneal, due to increased intraosseous pressure, severe pain in the calcaneus, tenderness and pain, early focal tomography or CT scan can be seen in the focal density reduction zone, Because the area is cancellous bone, blood supply is abundant, and few dead bones are formed. As the lesion progresses, there may be more calcareous deposits and new bone formation, and the bone density increases.

Examination of calcaneal osteomyelitis

The auxiliary examination method for this disease can be used for tomography and CT scanning.

Early tomography or CT scan can be seen in the focal density reduction area. Because it is cancellous bone, blood supply is abundant, and few dead bones are formed. As the lesion progresses, there may be more calcinosis and new bone formation. Bone mineral density increased, after the osteomyelitis, the periosteum was peeled off less, the formation of the capsule was less, and the perforation was mostly, and the local soft tissue was less, the blood supply was poor, and the dead space was difficult to heal.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of calcaneus osteomyelitis

The disease needs to be differentiated from the calcaneal fracture.

When the calcaneus fracture is mainly manifested as heel pain, swelling, ecchymosis, flat sole, widened into a valgus deformity, the heel can be extremely swollen, the posterior sulcus becomes shallow, the whole hind foot is swollen and tender, and is easily misdiagnosed as a sprain. X-ray examination, in addition to the lateral radiograph, the axial image of the calcaneus should be taken to determine the type and severity of the fracture. In addition, the calcaneus is a spongy bone. There is often no clear fracture line after compression, and sometimes it is difficult to distinguish. It is often necessary to analyze the severity of the fracture based on changes in the shape of the bone, the measurement of the nodule-joint angle.

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