Varicose Vein Syndrome

Introduction to varicose vein syndrome Venreous varicose syndrome (veneousvaricosesyndrome) includes a group of diseases such as varicose veins, venous insufficiency or stasis dermatitis and calf varicose ulcers. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.008% - 0.01% Susceptible people: more common middle-aged men over 40 years old Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: thrombophlebitis

Causes of varicose syndrome

Genetic factors (55%):

The disease is related to genetic factors. The incidence of long-term standing or heavy physical labor is high. Any increase in the internal pressure of the iliac vein, such as pregnancy, abdominal or pelvic giant tumors, can be caused.

Body factor (45%):

When the capillary pressure rises and the normal blood circulation dysfunction occurs, it can cause edema, capillary damage or rupture, red blood cell oozing, causing venous insufficiency or stagnation dermatitis, due to skin hypoxia and resistance, plus trauma and Infection can cause ulcers.

Varicose vein syndrome prevention

Avoid long-term standing, raise the rest of the affected limb during sleep and sitting, reduce congestion and pain, and use elastic bandages or elastic stockings to promote venous return.

Complications of varicose vein syndrome Complications thrombophlebitis

Late stage often combined with thrombophlebitis.

Symptoms of varicose vein syndrome Common symptoms Varicose periostitis, severe pain, varicose veins, slow growth

1. Varicose veins of the lower extremities

More common middle-aged men and long-standing workers over 40 years old, there are purple-red ecchymoses and hemosiderin deposition around the calves and ankle joints. The veins of the varicose veins are dilated and twisted, and the skin is easy to be complicated. Eczema-like changes, localized scaling, hypertrophy, etc., that is, venous insufficiency or stasis dermatitis, easy to secondary phlebitis, erysipelas and even periostitis, like skin swelling.

Varicose ulcer

Due to varicose veins, stagnant blood flow, edema around the tissue, obstruction of small arteries and lymphatic vessels, and external injury or infection, varicose ulcers are often formed in the anterior and medial malleolus of the calf. The damage is a few isolated, round or not. Plastic coin-sized ulcers with neat or irregular edges, slow granulation, pale, fat-like or fibrous-like coverings and serous secretions on the surface, sometimes necrotic on the surface, hard and tense around the skin, can be gradually extended to The ankle or the upper knee, consciously slightly painful and itchy, such as the edge of the neuroma, it is paroxysmal severe pain, often accompanied by thrombophlebitis.

Examination of varicose vein syndrome

Lower extremity venous function test:

(1) Deep vein patency test (Penhes test): used to measure deep venous return, the deep veins of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities are often unobstructed. The method is to block the great saphenous vein with a tourniquet in the thigh. The paralyzed patient continuously kicks the leg or the lower jaw. Due to the movement of the lower limbs, the muscles contract, and the superficial veins flow back through the deep veins to make the varicose veins collapse. If the deep veins are not connected or there is backflow, the venous pressure will increase, and the varicose vein pressure will not be alleviated, and even the varicose veins will be more pronounced.

(2) Great saphenous vein valve function test (Trendelenburg test): used to determine the function of the great saphenous vein valve, the loss of saphenous vein valve function in patients with simple lower extremity varices. The method is that the patient is in a supine position, the lower limbs are raised, the blood in the superficial vein is evacuated, and the tourniquet is tied to the lower part of the thigh's nest. The patient is then allowed to stand, and the tourniquet is released within 10 s. The saphenous vein blood column is filled immediately from top to bottom, suggesting that the great saphenous vein valve is insufficiency. The lesion is most likely to be located at the level of the fossa ovalis, and the deep venous blood vents the superficial venous system through the junction of the occult femoral vein. The superficial vein gradually fills slowly (more than 30 s), which is a normal condition, and the blood is returned from the capillaries into the vein. If the patient stands, the tourniquet is not untied and the superficial vein below the tourniquet is rapidly filled, indicating that the blood from the venous person is from the small saphenous vein or some incompetent traffic vein.

(3) Traffic venous valve function test (Pratt test): The patient is supine, raises the affected limb, and the tourniquet is tied at the base of the thigh. First, the first elastic bandage is tied up from the toe to the armpit, and then the blood band is stopped. Down, tie the second elastic bandage, and untie the first elastic bandage while continuing to tie the second elastic bandage down. If there is a varicose vein in the gap between the two elastic bandages, This means that there is a traffic vein that is not fully functional.

Auxiliary inspection

Laboratory test

2. X-ray inspection

3. Non-invasive examination

(1) Ultrasound Doppler examination

(2) color ultrasound Doppler examination

Diagnosis and differentiation of varicose vein syndrome

According to the clinical manifestations can be diagnosed, that is, only the calf varicose veins in the early stage, followed by venous insufficiency or stasis dermatitis, and the formation of varicose ulcers in the late stage.

This disease is generally not confused with other diseases.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.