Full term baby

Full-term sample introduction The small sample is generally indicated as a child whose birth weight is 25% lower than the normal weight of the same age. The gestational age is between 38 and 42 weeks and the body weight is less than 2500 grams. It is called the full-term small sample and is most common in the small sample. About 240,000 babies in the world have a birth weight of <2500g per year, of which 30%-40% of full-term gestational age is 5%-10%, and 50% of low birth weight infants in China. 60%, full-term less than gestational age children weighing more than 2500g, more non-symmetric type, such infants due to gestational weeks, but low ability after birth, prone to meconium inhalation, hypothermia, polycythemia, low Congenital abnormalities such as blood sugar and intrauterine infection, especially developmental, neurobehavioral and mental retardation, and the mortality of small for gestational age is 8 times that of normal term infants. Therefore, the treatment of small for gestational age children has recently received attention. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 2.5% Susceptible population: gestational age is 38 to 42 weeks Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: malnutrition pneumonia

The cause of full-term small sample

Intrauterine infection affects the growth and development of the fetus; placental insufficiency; pregnant women are sick during pregnancy; fetuses such as certain chromosomal diseases or the like.

Most of them are related to various factors that cause placental dysfunction, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, chronic hypertension, pregnancy infection (such as rubella, giant cell inclusion disease, toxoplasmosis), chronic heart disease, cyanotic cardiovascular abnormalities, Early marriage, twin birth, high birth, maternal, tobacco and alcohol addiction, severe malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency, lack of folic acid during pregnancy, high altitude areas, application of adrenocortical hormone or other immunosuppressive drugs, longer-term use of tetracycline or antibiotics at the end of pregnancy Metabolic drugs, abnormal umbilical cord attachment sites, single umbilical arteries, congenital malformations, chromosomal abnormalities and other factors can cause fetal malnutrition, congenital malformations and hypoxia. Research data prove that the oxygen content and oxygen saturation percentage of umbilical veins do follow The severity of a mature child is reduced, but it has nothing to do with gestational age.

Full-term prevention

The high-risk factors in pregnancy are mainly pregnancy-induced hypertension and twins, both of which cause relative placental dysfunction and lead to intrauterine growth disorders, fetal malnutrition, if further strengthening prenatal care measures, timely treatment of pregnancy Maternal comorbidities will definitely change the disease.

Full-term complications Complications malnutrition pneumonia low blood sugar

The full-term small sample is sufficient for gestational age, but the ability after birth is low, prone to malnutrition, meconium inhalation, pneumonia and other infectious diseases, as well as hypothermia, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, Intracranial hemorrhage, cold injury syndrome, intrauterine infection, congenital abnormalities such as diseases and malformations caused by obstetric factors, especially development, neurobehavioral and mental retardation, and the mortality of children less than gestational age is 8 times that of normal term infants.

Full-term small sample symptoms Common symptoms Peeling hepatosplenomegaly "skilled" appearance osteomalacia jaundice

Newborns born from 28 weeks to less than 37 weeks of gestation are premature infants; fetuses at 3 8-42 weeks and those weighing <2 500g are full-term infants.

Most of the clinical manifestations are "skilled" appearance, good weight loss, and varying degrees of malnutrition, accounting for about 59%, respiratory distress and hypoxia, hard swelling, few softening and deformity of the skull, no hepatosplenomegaly found, nerve The reflection is mostly good, and the deformity accounts for 6.5 %.

The full-term small sample is characterized by thin skin, dry and peeling, less fetal hair, more fetal fat, fine hair, less cartilage development, formed ear canal, finger, soft toenail, nodules in the breast, scrotum in the sole, scrotum There are many wrinkles, but the testicles of male infants have decreased. The labia majora can cover the labia minora. The physiological jaundice is not obvious, the physiological weight loss is not obvious, the heat production response is better, the sweating is better, the activity is more lively, and the crying is loud. Strong sucking power.

Full moon sample inspection

(1) The level of thyroid hormone in neonates with low birth weight is significantly lower than that in normal term newborns. Therefore, thyroid function tests can be performed to determine whether there is hyperthyroidism and high metabolic levels affect weight.

(2) Due to various factors such as multiple births, maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension, intrauterine infection, etc., intrauterine growth retardation may occur in full-term small samples, affecting the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system. Therefore, it is also important to review the physical examination report during maternal pregnancy.

Diagnosis and differentiation of full-term small samples

diagnosis

Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.

Differential diagnosis

The focus is on the identification of premature babies: small samples are generally indicated in children with a birth weight that is 25% lower than their normal weight. The full-term gestational age is between 38 and 42 weeks, but a small sample weighing less than 2,500 g (2.5 kg) is most common in small samples, and newborns born between 28 weeks and less than 37 weeks are Premature infants, the two should be distinguished; compared with immature, the full-term skin of the full moon has no hair, the whole foot has a pattern, the testicles of the baby boy fall, the scrotum is more wrinkled, and the baby's labia majora has covered the labia minora.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.