Neurodevelopmental delay

Introduction to neurodevelopmental delay Stunting refers to the phenomenon of slowing or abnormal order during growth and development, and the incidence rate is between 6 and 8%. Specifically, children with developmental delay are caused by various reasons (including cranial nerves or muscle nerves, deputy director of physiological diseases, psychological disease citations, social environmental factors, etc.) before the age of 6, in cognitive development, physiological development, Language and communication development, the core development of psychosocial society or the self-care of young people appear to be underdeveloped or abnormal. Mental retardation is a group of diseases characterized by mental retardation. In the period of acute brain lesions, there are conscious changes in expression, increased brain pressure, headache, convulsions, movement disorders, movement disorders, sensory changes, etc., and the sequelae include stunting, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, epilepsy, hearing impairment, vision Obstacles, brain atrophy, etc. In addition, epilepsy is often a complication of neurodevelopmental delay. Other children with stunting are also often associated with physical dyskinesia, mental retardation, psychological adjustment, hearing and speech disorders, visual impairment, family social problems, etc., still need rehabilitation, psychiatry, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, The cooperation of many departments such as the Social Service Department and educational institutions. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 6 to 8% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Intelligent Disorders Epilepsy Brain Wilt

Cause of neurodevelopmental delay

Studies have shown that neonatal neurobehavioral development is affected by a number of factors, good nutritional status during pregnancy, long gestational age, and good mood during pregnancy are conducive to the development of neonatal neurobehavioral. Taking medication during pregnancy is not conducive to the development of neonatal neurobehavioral behavior, especially in early pregnancy. The increase in meconium lead content is not conducive to the development of neonatal neurobehavioral.

Neurodevelopmental delay prevention

For children with developmental delay, early training and university treatment are very important, far more important than the treatment of the UK after the symptoms worsen. As for how to find the master's problem of domestic developmental delay early, parents must remember to be regular (can be combined with vaccination Measure the child's height, weight, head circumference, etc., and carefully compare it with the growth record to see if the child's growth curve is within the normal range.

There are many contents including neonatal hypoplasia. External deformities can be seen at a glance. It is difficult to grasp the deep inside. Many parents who are just parents want to know early about whether the babys nervous system is developing normally. Therefore, the physician at the Queen Mary Hospital in Hong Kong introduced a simple method to detect the normal development of the baby's nervous system by observing the unconditional reflex of the baby.

Food reflexes: including foraging reflexes, sucking reflexes, and swallowing reflexes. For newborns who are only half an hour old and awake, when you use your fingers or nipples to caress your cheeks, he turns his head, opens his mouth, and sucks. Swallowing action.

Directional reflex: After 12 to 24 hours of birth, the baby will turn his eyes to the light source; a strong sound can also stop the sucking action.

Grab the reflection: When you touch the palm of a newborn born two or three days, he will clench his fist.

Babukin reflex: When the newborn is lying down, holding down the palm of his hand, the head will turn around and the mouth will open, just like yawning.

Babinski Reflex: Use your fingers to gently stroke the outside of the baby's sole from the heel to the toes, and the toes will open like a fan.

Defensive reflex: A child can have a generalized response to temperature or pain stimuli in the first few days after birth, which means that a certain part of the disease can cause a systemic reaction such as vomiting, sneezing, blinking, yawning, pupillary Reflection and so on.

Shocking reflex: When a newborn is suddenly stimulated, such as a loud sound, the arms, legs, fingers open, the back stretched or bent, and the head tilted back and quickly recovered.

Swimming reflex: Put the newborn face up, and the limbs will do swimming.

Walking Reflex: Holding the newborn's armpits and letting the barefoot plate touch the plane, he will do the stepping movement and look very much like the coordinated movement.

Collapse reflex: When the newborn retracts his instep and touches the edge of the hand, he will make a contraction action similar to the kitten's movement.

Some of these reflections are inhibited by the maturation of the cerebral cortex and will disappear within a certain period of time; some have obvious protective effects on the human body and will not disappear. All infants with the above reflections generally indicate that their nervous system is developing normally. Otherwise, it may be abnormal performance, especially if some babies lack a variety of unconditional reflexes, the possibility of neurological dysplasia is higher, may ask the doctor for further examination and diagnosis.

Child pre-intervention intervention

The development of typical children's intellectual disability is a gradual process. Generally, the disease causes the central nervous system organs of the body, and the abnormal development of tissue and structure is the defect, which leads to abnormal development of neuropsychiatric motor function, and finally develops and solidifies into individual intelligence. The decline or loss of function means disability, which limits the ability and scope of individuals to participate in social activities and forms an obstacle to their social role. It is a disability, emphasizing the pre-intervention of children's mental retardation, which emphasizes the dysfunction during the recovery period of the disease. Before, early intervention measures were taken to promote the recovery of central nervous system lesions, and to correct the functional developmental deviations caused by them. Stop at the front of the mentally handicapped period and prevent problems before they occur to reduce the occurrence of intellectual disabilities. Harmful by handicap.

Neurodevelopmental delay complications Complications, mental disorders, epilepsy, brain

In the period of acute brain lesions, there are conscious changes in expression, increased brain pressure, headache, convulsions, movement disorders, movement disorders, sensory changes, etc., and the sequelae include stunting, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, epilepsy, hearing impairment, vision Obstacles, brain atrophy, etc. In addition, epilepsy is often a complication of neurodevelopmental delay.

Other children with stunting are also often associated with physical dyskinesia, mental retardation, psychological adjustment, hearing and speech disorders, visual impairment, family social problems, etc., still need rehabilitation, psychiatry, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, The cooperation of many departments such as the Social Service Department and educational institutions.

Symptoms of neurological development, common symptoms, mental retardation, mental retardation, disorientation, memory impairment

School-age students, in the same class of students of the same age, mental defects can easily reveal that they do not recognize their children have problems, and finally come to ask the doctor to judge, doctors can not judge according to clinical performance, but also to do intelligence test . Therefore, intelligence testing is a very important diagnostic tool.

Check for neurodevelopmental delay

If the height, weight, and head circumference measurements are all low, it means that the child's development has a comprehensive delay. You should consult the pediatric doctors in detail to confirm whether further examination is needed. If it is only height and weight. If a good indicator of the head circumference is low, it means that the child may have some developmental delay, and further examination of the brain nerve or endocrine and other combined items to understand whether the child's physiological development has been affected.

If the level of intelligence is at a critical level and there is a lack of medical history and signs that can assist in diagnosis, it is best to do an intelligence test. Students in school-aged school, in the same class of students of the same age, can easily reveal that they do not recognize themselves. The child has a problem. Finally, he will ask the doctor to judge. When the doctor can't judge according to the clinical manifestation, he also needs to do the intelligence test. Therefore, the intelligence test is an important diagnostic tool. Now use the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale (the internal scale). And the Wechsler Intelligence Scale (Wei's Scale).

Diagnosis and diagnosis of neurodevelopmental delay

Diagnosis mainly solves two problems, one is to determine whether there is mental retardation, and the other is to determine the cause.

When patients with moderate or severe mental retardation (usually children) come to the clinic, parents generally have found mental retardation, mainly to provide treatment, and mild patients must determine whether they are mentally retarded.

Before the diagnosis, doctors must understand the level of mental development of normal children at various ages in order to compare with the situation of the child and get a preliminary impression. This is especially important for preschool children because of the lack of this child. Learning results are available for reference; because most of them are only children, the lack of brothers and sisters in the family can be compared, so the doctor's judgment is very important for parents. If the level of intelligence is critical and there is a lack of medical history and signs to assist diagnosis, then It is best to do intelligence tests, school-age students, in the same class of students of the same age, mental defects can easily reveal that they do not recognize their children have problems, and finally ask the doctor to judge, the doctor can not judge according to clinical performance At the same time, intelligence tests are also required, so the intelligence test is a very important diagnostic tool.

There are two popular foreign intelligence test scales, namely the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale (Intra-Scale Scale) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale (Wyes Scale), both of which have a long history of use. Both use IQ±100±15 as the normal average level, which is currently widely used internationally. Therefore, the results of the test are convenient for comparison, and the intelligence test is generally operated and explained by psychologists.

When determining the cause, doctors must understand the various causes that may cause mental retardation, and then conduct a targeted medical history and examination. The diagnosis of hereditary diseases and congenital metabolic defects often requires more complete laboratory equipment. And skilled personnel.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.