Cardiac dysfunction

Introduction to heart dysfunction Cardiac dysfunction is often associated with shock, stress, electrolyte imbalance and invasive infections. Common arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, etc., arrhythmia, sinus tachycardia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia Speed, ventricular tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, etc., the central sinus tachycardia is the most common. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.004% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Cardiogenic shock Acute myocardial infarction Acute pericarditis Cardiomyopathy

Cause of heart dysfunction

1, sinus tachycardia

(1) Stress response: Pain after burn, shock, infection, surgery and other stimuli continue to increase catecholamines, which increases myocardial irritability.

(2) myocardial ischemia and hypoxia: improper fluid resuscitation during shock, lack of blood volume, decreased cardiac output, insufficient blood supply to the coronary arteries, can cause myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, severe absorption damage, respiratory infection, can also cause myocardial deficiency Blood is deprived of oxygen.

(3) water, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders: such as dehydration, excessive body fluids, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, alkalosis.

(4) Invasive infection: In the case of sepsis, the heart rate can reach 140 beats per minute, and the electrocardiogram indicates sinus tachycardia.

(5) Others: carbon monoxide poisoning, uremia, high fever, anemia and other reasons.

2, heart failure

(1) Shock: Capillary vasodilation after severe burns, increased permeability, massive exudation of body fluids, and decreased cardiac output, resulting in poor perivascular circulation.

(2) Infection: In severe burns, bacteria and their toxins and tissues produce kinins, which reduces the opsin C2 glycoprotein and reduces its ability to maintain microvascular integrity, permeability and repair, seriously affecting cardiac function.

(3) Others: such as inhalation injury, pneumonia, excessive infusion, acidosis, etc. can cause heart failure.

Cardiac dysfunction prevention

The incidence of this disease continues to increase in large and medium-sized cities. Therefore, some patients with mild heart disease should be actively treated to prevent further development of the disease and induce this disease or other more serious heart disease.

Cardiac dysfunction complications Complications cardiogenic shock acute myocardial infarction acute pericarditis cardiomyopathy

The disease can be complicated by cardiogenic shock, acute heart failure and other serious diseases.

1, cardiogenic shock

Cardiogenic shock is a shock caused by extreme cardiac function loss, cardiac output loss, venous return disorder, microcirculatory disorder or even failure. In addition to the cause of cardiac dysfunction, it is often secondary to acute myocardial infarction, acute pericardium. Inflammation, cardiomyopathy, pericardial tamponade, pulmonary heartache, severe arrhythmia, etc. Cardiogenic shock has severe basic heart disease, and has symptoms of systemic circulatory failure, persistent hypotension, oliguria, disturbance of consciousness, and peripheral purpura; Can also be combined with acute pulmonary edema performance and hemodynamic changes, including arterial pressure <10.7KPa (80mmHg); central venous pressure is normal or high; cardiac output is extremely low.

2, acute heart failure

Also known as cardiac insufficiency, refers to the diastolic dysfunction caused by different causes, and the development of cardiac output can not meet the needs of systemic metabolism for blood flow when circulating blood volume and vasomotor function are normal, resulting in Clinical syndrome characterized by abnormal blood flow and activation of the neurohormonal system, patients often present with fainting, shock, acute pulmonary edema and cardiac arrest.

Symptoms of heart dysfunction common symptoms flustered dyspnea tachycardia hypotension heart enlargement edema jugular vein anger heart failure

1, sinus tachycardia

The diagnosis of sinus tachycardia mainly depends on heart rate and electrocardiogram. The heart rate per minute exceeds 100 times in adults. The EKG examination shows that the P wave frequency is above 100 beats/min. The P wave is often mixed with the T wave, and the QRS wave appears after the P wave. The patient has a lot of flustered and discomfort in the precordial area.

2, heart failure

Grade I: poor perivascular circulation, hypotension, systolic blood pressure below 10.7 kPa for more than one hour.

Grade II: Congestive heart failure occurs, manifested as paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, jugular vein engorgement; double lung bottom rales; heart enlargement; acute pulmonary edema; first heart sounds are galloping and venous pressure is increased.

Cardiac dysfunction check

Can be diagnosed by electrocardiogram and other cardiac function tests.

1, ECG examination

For patients with sinus tachycardia, the adult heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. The EKG examination shows that the P wave frequency is above 100 beats/min. The P wave is often mixed with the T wave, and the QRS wave appears after the P wave.

2, heart function check

Cardiac function examination can be found in peripheral perfusion poor, hypotension, systolic blood pressure below 10.7kPa for more than one hour, this is grade I heart failure, if congestive heart failure occurs, it presents paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, neck Venous anger; bilateral lungs Luoyin; heart enlargement; acute pulmonary edema; first heart sounds are galloping and venous pressure increased, this is grade II heart failure.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction

The disease needs to be differentiated from other diseases with similar symptoms, such as cardiac neurosis.

Cardiac neurosis occurs mostly in young women, and there are many symptoms of cardiovascular system. It is light and heavy but not serious. Generally, there is no evidence of organic heart disease. It is a dysfunction, but it can be combined with organic matter. Sexual heart disease occurs at the same time or on the basis of the latter. The main manifestations are dyspnea (often accompanied by sigh breathing), palpitations, fatigue, pain in the anterior region, dizziness and other symptoms, mostly after exertion or mental stress or Exacerbation, medical history should be asked in detail whether there are incentives such as anxiety, emotional agitation, trauma or overwork, whether it has been diagnosed as "heart disease", palpitation, shortness of breath or discomfort in the precordial area, such as feelings and activities, fatigue and mood What is the state of sleep, the results of previous cardiac examinations, medication history and efficacy are helpful in diagnosis.

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