Chondrodysplasia

Introduction to cartilage dysplasia Dysplastic dysplasia (dyschondroplasia) is also known as endogenous choroidal disease (enchondromatosis), Ollier disease and the like. It is characterized in that the metaphyseal end of the long bone has a round or columnar cartilage mass with shortening and deformity of the bone, which is especially common in the phalanx. First described by Ollier in 1899, although its tissue structure is similar to endogenous chondroma, it is generally believed that this disease should not fall within the scope of the tumor. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.1% Susceptible population: This disease is rare, male is slightly more than female, in childhood or adolescent disease. Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: chondrosarcoma chondroma

Cause of cartilage dysplasia

Cause

The cause of this disease is unknown, it is congenital malformation, no hereditary and family history. It is believed that chondrocytes that may remain in the bone during embryonic period cannot mature normally, and later bone grows, but they remain in the metaphysis. And retain the ability of hyperplasia, under appropriate conditions, develop into a cartilage mass or cartilage column, the disease is rare, more male than female, in childhood or adolescent disease.

Pathological change

Microscopically, there are many chondrocyte masses in the transparent matrix, from small chondrocytes to relatively mature large vacuole chondrocytes, arranged in disorder. There are fibrous septa and mucus degeneration areas. And calcium salts are deposited into plaques and spots. Under the microscope, this disease is indistinguishable from endogenous chondroma.

Prevention of dysplasia

1, early pregnancy, avoid fever and cold. Women who have had high fever in early pregnancy, even if the child does not have obvious appearance deformity, brain tissue development may be adversely affected, manifested as mental retardation, poor learning and reaction ability, this mental retardation can not be restored. Of course, fetal fever caused by high fever is also related to the sensitivity of pregnant women to high fever and other factors.

2. Avoid getting close to dogs and cats. Few people know that cats with bacteria are also a source of infectious diseases that are a great threat to fetal malformation, and cat feces are the main route of transmission of this malignant infectious disease.

3. Avoid women who wear makeup every day. The survey shows that the incidence of fetal malformations in heavy makeup is less than 1.25 times that of heavy makeup. The main adverse effects on fetal malformation are arsenic, lead, mercury and other toxic substances contained in cosmetics, which affect the normal development of the fetus. Secondly, some of the ingredients in the cosmetics are exposed to ultraviolet rays in the sun to produce teratogenic aromatic amine compounds.

4, to avoid mental stress during pregnancy. Human emotions are controlled by the central nervous system and the endocrine system. One of the endocrine corticosteroids is closely related to human mood changes. When pregnant women are emotionally stressed, adrenocortical hormone may block the fusion of a certain tissue of the embryo. If it occurs during the first 3 months of pregnancy, it will cause malformations such as cleft lip or palate.

5. Avoid drinking alcohol. Pregnant women drink alcohol, alcohol can enter the developmental embryo through the placenta, causing serious damage to the fetus. Such as a small head, very small ear and nose and a wide upper lip.

6, avoid eating mold and vegetarian food. Experts pointed out that if pregnant women eat food contaminated with mycotoxin (mildew food), mycotoxins can cause fetal chromosome breaks in the fetus through the placenta.

Chondroital dysplasia Complications chondrosarcoma chondroma

The main manifestation of this disease is that some of the metaphyseal cartilage can not undergo normal cartilage bone and stagnant in the cartilage stage, and deposited on the metaphysis or gradually metastasize to the backbone to continue to develop malformation. Therefore, the disease is most common in young hand and foot short tubular bone. Secondly, the long bones of the extremities, but involving the scapula, the sternum is very rare, and its deformity develops with puberty. Generally, the tumor stops growing after reaching the year, and a few cases can become chondrosarcoma. Most patients show unilateral asymmetry. Onset, with varus or valgus deformity, long and curved humerus, dislocation of the humeral head, finger chondrosarcoma can grow very large, so that the function of the hand is completely lost, combined with limb malformation is called Ollier's disease, combined Skin, visceral hemangioma is called Maffucci's syndrome.

Symptoms of dysplasia common symptoms Common symptoms of knee valgus valgus or hip varus multi-finger (toe) malformation

There is usually no abnormality at birth. It starts in the growing season and occurs in the metaphyseal end of long bones, such as the upper and lower knees, the lower end of the radius and the upper end of the humerus, and the hand, especially the phalanx, is the most common part. The pelvis is prone to sputum, and the elbow joint is less common. Due to the asymmetry of the epiphysis, the limb is shortened, with varus or valgus deformity, the humerus is long and curved, and the humeral head is dislocated. The finger chondrosarcoma can grow very much, so much. The function of the hand is completely lost. In addition to the phalanx, pathological fractures in other parts are rare.

Examination of dysplasia

The main auxiliary examination method for this disease is X-ray examination, which is mainly as follows:

At the metaphysis, there are different sizes of cartilage areas with different shapes and clear boundaries. They are arranged in a columnar shape, and the lines on the X-rays are striped. The dry ends are irregularly enlarged, and the backbone is thickened and shortened, and curved. The adjacent epiphyses are spotted. In the phalanx, there are enlarged and irregular cystic translucent areas. The dense calcified cords and spots are interspersed to deform the phalanx. The cartilage column is fan-shaped to the iliac crest. In adolescence, the chondrocyte column is not seen and replaced with a dense spot, suggesting that the lesion tends to heal.

Diagnosis and identification of dysplasia

diagnosis

If it is diagnosed from a local single lesion, it is difficult to distinguish it from endogenous chondroma; but if it is comprehensively examined, the diagnosis is not difficult. For suspicious patients, it is often helpful to take two-handed X-ray films. The diagnostic criteria are as follows:

1 onset in early childhood.

2 multiple lesions, mostly at the ends of long bones.

The biopsy of the 3X line translucent area was cartilage tissue.

Differential diagnosis

1 backbone continuum: there is obvious hereditary, manifested as multiple exostoses, and the metaphyseal end is swollen like a trumpet.

2 fragile muscle sclerosis (bone spot): bone spots are widely distributed throughout the body, bone structure is normal, no endogenous cartilage mass.

3 poor fibrous structure: although cystic lesions, but occur in the backbone and skull, the edge is not clear, often accompanied by diffuse osteosclerosis.

In addition, the disease must be differentiated from rickets, pseudohypochondrial dysplasia, and abnormal development of the spine.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.