Hemangioblastoma

Introduction to hemangioblastoma Hemangioblastoma is a benign tumor of high vascular differentiation produced by the cranial and spinal nerves. Most hemangioblastomas are produced by a single lesion. However, in a patient with the so-called "vonHippelLindau" (VHL) disease, hemangioblastoma is a manifestation of this genetic syndrome. The sick will have many tumors in their brains and spinal cords throughout their lives. In the brain, almost all lesions occur in the lower part of the entire brain, the so-called cerebellum. The main function of the cerebellum in the brain is balance and coordination. Hemangioblastomas have two basic forms, including solid and vesicular. Solid tumors are almost entirely composed of cells, while vesicular tumors are composed of a small number of cells accompanied by most of the vesicles. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.002% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: headache

Cause of hemangioblastoma

Cause (25%):

There are two kinds of vascular reticuloma: cystic and solid type, cyst type accounts for 60%-90%, parenchyma accounts for 10%-40%, derived from perivascular mesenchymal tissue, belongs to cell residual of mesodermal, capsule Containing yellow or yellow-brown liquid, high protein content, most of the cyst wall has a red tumor nodule, protruding into the cyst, under the microscope, the tumor is composed of blood vessels and cells, that is, blood-filled capillary network and blood vessels Reticulated endothelial cells.

Hemangioblastoma prevention

No special precautions, early detection and early treatment.

The tumor is a benign tumor, the effect of early diagnosis and early treatment is good, the surgery can be completely removed and cured, there are obvious headaches, vomiting and walking instability, poor coordination of the limbs should consider the possibility of the disease, family history or other visceral congenital abnormalities More specific, looking for specialist treatment, head computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral angiography can be diagnosed, multiple patients can be staged surgery, long-term follow-up after surgery, recurrence as long as the patient allows reoperation, radiation therapy The effect is poor. So far, no drugs or food have been found to shrink or disappear.

Hemangioblastoma complications Complications

Can be complicated by retinal hemangioma, splanchnic cyst or hemangioma, polycythemia, as the growth of hemangioblastoma, the growing tumor will oppress the brain and cause some neurological symptoms, such as headache, Physical weakness, loss of feeling, balance and coordination problems, or hydrocephalus.

Hemangioblastoma symptoms common symptoms erythrocytosis cyst edema spinal cord compression

For spinal cord compression but lack of specificity, the course of disease is only a few months in most patients, sometimes the lesion stimulates the segmental nerve root and produces severe root pain as the only symptom. Because the disease has no clinical specificity, qualitative diagnosis is more difficult, the disease Often associated with retinal hemangioma, cutaneous hemangioma or other congenital lesions .

Inspection of hemangioblastoma

Hemangioblastoma can be diagnosed with a computerized tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance scan of the developer. In these tests, the hemangioblastoma develops a bright white lesion in the brain or spinal cord after injection of the developer. Hemangioblastoma tends to resemble some tumors, such as meningioma, metastatic brain tumors, or some vascular lesions, such as arteriovenous malformations. Brain angiography can sometimes be used to help diagnose hemangioblastoma because of this type. Tumors have a rich vascular distribution.

Diagnosis and identification of hemangioblastoma

diagnosis

In adults with cerebellar tumor symptoms, in addition to common glioma, the possibility of this disease should be considered, such as the discovery of retinal hemangioma, splanchnic cyst or hemangioma, polycythemia, or family history, the diagnosis can basically be determined However, most patients need CT scan to help diagnose and locate.

CT scans of solid tumors showed round-shaped high-density images, often with uneven density, and cystic lesions showed low density, but generally the density of cysts was high, the edges were not clear, and sometimes high-density plaques appeared to the cystic cavity. Inside, after the contrast agent is injected, the image is enhanced, and there may be a low-density edema around the tumor.

Differential diagnosis

1 cerebellar astrocytic glioma: when cystic lesions are predominant, wall nodules are often larger, may have calcification, enhance the enhancement of scanning wall nodules are often more obvious, but less than hemangioblastoma, MR sometimes A blood vessel with a flow-out signal in the tumor showing hemangioblastoma provides more information for its differential diagnosis.

2 metastatic tumor: a nodular or annular intensive mass, the margin of the nodule is regular, smooth, peritumoral edema is more obvious, can be multiple lumps, and most occur in middle-aged and elderly people, most have a history of primary tumor, Generally not difficult to identify.

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