Anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency

Introduction to anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency Anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency refers to anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency in the body due to various reasons. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia commonly used is synonymous with pernicious anemia. Classical anemia refers to the loss of endogenous factors leading to B12 deficiency. Patients may have sallow sallows, fatigue, weakness, dry yellow hair, mild swelling of the face, anorexia, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. In children with severe illness, heart enlargement and cardiac insufficiency may occur. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: anemia, neurosis, angular keratitis

Causes of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency

Reduced absorption of vitamin B12 (30%):

The reduction of vitamin B12 absorption is the main pathophysiological pathogenesis, which can be caused by one of several factors. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is commonly used as a pernicious anemia. Classical anemia refers to the loss of internal factors leading to the lack of B12. In the case of blind (blind) syndrome (because of bacterial use of vitamin B12) or fish mites, there may be competition for vitamin B12 and internal factor division.

Congenital loss of ileal absorption site (25%):

Congenital loss of the ileal absorption site may also be destroyed by inflammatory localized enteritis or surgical resection. The less common causes of reduced vitamin B12 absorption are chronic pancreatitis, malabsorption syndrome, and the use of certain drugs (eg oral Calcium chelating agent, aminosalicylic acid, biguanide). Insufficient intake of vitamin B12 (vegetarian).

Hyperthyroidism (25%):

Vitamin B12 metabolism is enhanced. Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly is very common. The absorption of food-bound B12 is not sufficient except for any of the above mechanisms. Pure B12 is absorbable, and B12 combined with food is difficult to release and absorb. .

Prevention of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency

Add food supplements in a timely manner; balance diet; prevent partial eclipse; eliminate factors affecting the absorption of vitamin B12.

Anemia complications caused by vitamin B12 deficiency Complications, anemia, neurosis, angular keratitis

Common complications of this disease:

1. Anemia.

2, mental, neurological symptoms.

3. Heart dysfunction.

4, angular keratitis.

Symptoms of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency Common symptoms Drowsiness, malnutrition, dullness, weakness, trembling, heart enlargement, sluggishness, anorexia, nausea

The patient may have sallow sallow, tiredness, dry yellow hair, mild edema on the face, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, etc. Children may also have sluggish expressions, lethargy, slow response to the outside world, less crying, less laughter, tears when crying Less, no sweating, mental and motor development backwards or even backwards, but also often the head, limbs or body tremors and other spirits, neurological symptoms, severe heart disease can occur in children with enlarged heart, cardiac insufficiency.

Examination of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency

The disease needs to be checked as follows:

1, the surrounding blood.

2, bone marrow.

3. Determination of serum vitamin B12 concentration.

4. Schilling test.

5. Other inspections.

Diagnostic diagnosis of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency

Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.

Need to be differentiated from other types of anemia, especially anemia caused by folic acid deficiency, it is difficult to distinguish folic acid or vitamin B deficiency according to the results of peripheral blood and bone marrow examination, but no neuropathy when folic acid is lacking.

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