liver palpation

Liver palpation is an auxiliary test used to check if the liver is normal. Liver palpation is mainly used to understand the location of the lower edge of the liver and the texture, edges, surface and pulsation of the liver. At the time of palpation, the examinee is in the supine position, the knee joints are flexed, the abdominal wall is relaxed, and deeper abdominal breathing is performed to move the liver up and down. The examiner is placed on the right side of the patient with one or both hands. One-handed palpation is more common. The examiner puts the right hand four fingers together, the metacarpophalangeal joint is straight, and is placed in parallel with the costal margin in the right abdomen to estimate the lower edge of the liver or below the percussive liver dullness. When the gas is blowing, the finger is pressed to the deep part of the abdominal wall. When inhaling, the finger is slowly raised, and the edge of the liver is moved upward toward the rib edge. Repeatedly, the finger gradually moves toward the costal margin until it touches the liver margin or the costal margin. It is necessary to palpate the liver margin on the right midline and the front midline, respectively, and measure it with the costal margin or sword when breathing calmly. The distance from the root of the root, expressed in centimeters. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: other examinations Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: The inspected person is in the supine position, the knee joints are flexed, the abdominal wall is relaxed, and deeper abdominal breathing is performed to move the liver up and down. Normal value The liver of a normal adult is generally not accessible under the costal margin, but the elongated and elongated body of the abdominal wall can touch the lower edge of the liver under the rib arch in deep inhalation, but within 1cm, under the xiphoid can touch the liver. The margin is more than 3cm, but the elongated and long-shaped body of the upper abdomen can reach 5cm under the root of the xiphoid; the normal human liver is soft, tough (medium hard) and hard. If the soft touch like lips is soft, the normal liver surface is smooth, the edges are neat, and the thickness is consistent; the normal liver has no tenderness. Normal liver is not accompanied by pulsation. Clinical significance Abnormal result Hepatic abnormalities include the location of the lower edge of the liver and the texture, edges, surface and pulsation of the liver. 1, liver migration is common in visceral drooping, emphysema, a large amount of effusion in the right chest caused by sputum decline. 2, diffuse swelling found in hepatitis, liver congestion, fatty liver, early liver cirrhosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, leukemia, schistosomiasis, clonorchiasis and so on. 3, localized hepatomegaly can often see or touch local bulging, found in liver abscess, liver tumors and hepatic cysts (including hepatic cysticercosis). 4, the texture of the liver like the tip of the nose is tough (medium hard), seen in hepatitis, fatty liver and liver congestion; hard to touch the forehead is hard, found in cirrhosis, liver cancer. Liver abscesses or cysts are saclike when there is fluid, and large and superficial may be fluctuating. There are several abnormal changes in the position of the liver's edge: The rounded edge of the liver is common in fatty liver or hepatic congestion. The surface of the liver is not smooth, showing uneven nodules, and the thickness of the margin is also inconsistent in liver cancer and polycystic liver. The surface of the liver is a massive bulge, found in massive liver cancer, liver abscess and liver hydatid disease. The liver is lobulated like a banana, found in liver syphilis. People who need to be examined: routine physical examination items, abnormal abdominals. Precautions During the examination, the inspected person is in the supine position, the knee joints are flexed, the abdominal wall is relaxed, and the deep abdominal breathing is performed to move the liver up and down. The examiner is placed on the right side of the patient with one or both hands. Inspection process At the time of palpation, the examinee is in the supine position, the knee joints are flexed, the abdominal wall is relaxed, and deeper abdominal breathing is performed to move the liver up and down. The examiner is placed on the right side of the patient with one or both hands. One-handed palpation is more common. The examiner puts the right hand four fingers together, the metacarpophalangeal joint is straight, and is placed in parallel with the costal margin in the right abdomen to estimate the lower edge of the liver or below the percussive liver dullness. When the gas is blowing, the finger is pressed to the deep part of the abdominal wall. When inhaling, the finger is slowly raised, and the edge of the liver is moved upward toward the rib edge. Repeatedly, the finger gradually moves toward the costal margin until it touches the liver margin or the costal margin. It is necessary to palpate the liver margin on the right midline and the front midline, respectively, and measure it with the costal margin or sword when breathing calmly. The distance from the root of the root, expressed in centimeters. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: Basically no suitable for the crowd, but people with mental disorders should pay attention. Adverse reactions and risks Nothing.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.