Abdominal vein examination

Abdominal venous examination refers to an auxiliary diagnostic method for examining abdominal varices and determining whether the abdominal wall blood flow is normal or not and related diseases. In the abdominal wall, the abdominal wall vein is generally not exposed under normal conditions. It is faintly visible in thinner or fair-skinned people. The elderly who are obviously thin and have loose abdominal wall can be exposed to the skin, but it is straight and not distorted and irritated. If the abdominal wall vein is obvious and has varicose veins, it indicates that the collateral circulation has been established, which is more common in the portal vein, superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. Intravenous exposure can also be seen in cases of increased abdominal pressure, such as ascites, large abdominal masses, and pregnancy. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: other examinations Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Avoid excessive stress and excessive exercise before checking. Normal value Normal range: Under normal circumstances, the abdominal wall vein is generally not exposed. It is faintly visible in thinner or fair-skinned people. The elderly who are obviously thin and loose in the abdominal wall can be exposed to the skin, but it is straight and not distorted and angered. Clinical significance Abnormal results: The abdominal wall vein is obvious and has varicose veins, indicating that the collateral circulation has been established, which is more common in the portal vein, superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. Intravenous exposure can also be seen in cases of increased abdominal pressure, such as ascites, large abdominal masses, and pregnancy. (1) When the portal vein occlusion has portal hypertension, the varicose veins of the abdominal wall often extend around the umbilicus. Typical can be "caputmedusae"-like expansion, but rare. The direction of venous blood flow is the same as that of normal people, that is, those above the umbilicus flow upward, and those below the umbilicus flow downward. (2) When the inferior vena cava is obstructed, the superficial veins on both sides of the abdomen are seen to expand or varicose, sometimes extending to both sides of the chest wall, and the venous blood flow direction of the upper and lower umbilicus is upward. (3) When the superior vena cava is obstructed, the superficial varicose veins of the upper abdominal wall or chest wall, the blood flow is turned downward. The people who need to be examined: those with abnormal abdominal wall pulsation, ascites with increased abdominal pressure, large tumors in the abdominal cavity, and pregnancy. Precautions Taboo before the test: avoid excessive stress, avoid excessive exercise before the test. Requirements for examination: The patient's abdomen is completely exposed and lying flat, and the doctor's technique is gentle and carefully examined. Inspection process Inspection process: (1) Select a segment of the abdominal wall vein without branches, the examiner presses the finger and the middle finger together on the vein, and then the finger is fixed to block the blood flow in situ; the middle finger squeezes the blood in the vein to a certain distance, no more than the vein branch point. (2) The middle finger is released. If the vein is quickly filled again, the flow of the venous blood flow is directed from the direction of the indicator; if it is not filled, the blood flow is in the opposite direction. (3) The middle finger is still pressed, in order to block the blood flow, the finger is squeezed out after a venous blood is released. If the vein is quickly filled again, the direction of the venous blood flow is from the direction of the middle finger. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: those with lower abdominal wall veins are not visible, those who are thinner or fair-skinned are faintly visible, those who are obviously thin and have loose abdominal wall are exposed to the skin, and the abdominal pulsation is normal. Adverse reactions and risks Nothing.

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