contrast-enhanced tumor

Tumor acoustic contrast, also known as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, is a technique that uses contrast agents to enhance post-scatter echoes and significantly improve the resolution, sensitivity, and specificity of ultrasound diagnostics. With the improvement of instrument performance and the appearance of new acoustic contrast agents, contrast-enhanced ultrasound has been effective in enhancing the two-dimensional ultrasound images and blood flow Doppler signals of myocardial, liver, kidney, brain and other substantial organs, reflecting and observing normal tissues and lesions. The blood perfusion of the tissue has become a very important and promising development direction for ultrasound diagnosis. Basic Information Specialist classification: Oncology examination classification: ultrasound Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: 1. The angiography showed no microcirculation blood perfusion of the tumor. 2. The angiography does not clearly show tiny tumors or other tiny masses. Positive: 1. Qualitative diagnosis and early detection of abdominal organs, small organs (thyroid, breast) and retroperitoneal tumors. 2. A definitive diagnosis of vascular stenosis, occlusion or vascular malformation, and the judgment of benign and malignant thrombosis. 3. A definitive diagnosis of traumatic diseases, such as closed abdominal trauma, incomplete rupture of the liver and spleen. 4. Guide and monitor minimally invasive interventional treatment of parenchymal organs such as the liver. 5. Unsatisfactory two-dimensional image of the heart, diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, and detection of cardiac occupying lesions such as tumors and thrombosis. Tips: Follow the doctor's advice and prepare with the doctor. Normal value 1. Qualitative diagnosis of tumor: The difference of tumor blood perfusion is an extremely important biological feature of clinical differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can clearly show the microcirculation blood perfusion characteristics of the tumor, so it can make a clear qualitative diagnosis of the tumor's benign and malignant. It can also be used for the determination of residual active parts after tumor interventional therapy and follow-up after surgical treatment. 2. Discovery of microscopic lesions: Ultrasound angiography clearly shows microscopic tumors or other tiny masses due to the level of tumor microcirculation development. A large number of studies have shown that its display rate is even better than enhanced CT, which is of particular clinical significance for early detection of cancer, especially in patients with cirrhosis or a history of malignancy. 3. Diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease: contrast-enhanced ultrasound can clearly show lesions such as stenosis, occlusion and vascular malformation. 4. Rapid diagnosis of trauma: Because ultrasound contrast can clearly show the perfusion of microcirculation, the location and extent of bleeding can be clearly shown for traumatic bleeding caused by trauma. Based on the same principle, contrast-enhanced ultrasound can also monitor the healing of the incision at the postoperative site. 5. Accurate assessment of cardiac function: Because the contrast agent can enhance the development of the whole heart chamber, the endocardial edge will be more clearly depicted. These are important prerequisites for evaluating left ventricular function and wall segmental motor function. The agent can also enter the coronary microcirculation. Clinical significance Cardiac acoustic imaging technology has developed greatly since its application in the late 1960s, and the value of right heart echography in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease has been fully affirmed. In the clinical application of other organs (liver, kidney, uterus, breast, etc.), acoustic contrast has been confirmed to have important significance in the detection and qualitative diagnosis of tumors. Studies have shown that contrast-enhanced ultrasound is superior to conventional ultrasound and SpiralCT in the diagnosis of the number of liver tumors. Especially in the detection of sub-cm lesions below 1 cm, the diagnostic ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be better or at least the same sensitivity as SpiralCT. Compared with CT and MRI, acoustic contrast has more advantages, such as good safety, no allergic reaction, real-time, and relatively low inspection costs. Indications: 1. Qualitative diagnosis and early detection of abdominal organs, small organs (thyroid, breast) and retroperitoneal tumors. For example, the preoperative examination of liver tumors can determine the number and location of satellite lesions, avoiding “grasping large and small” and improving the treatment effect. 2. A definitive diagnosis of vascular stenosis, occlusion or vascular malformation, and the judgment of benign and malignant thrombosis. 3. The definitive diagnosis of traumatic diseases, abdominal closed trauma and incomplete rupture of the liver and spleen, ultrasound contrast can be judged by observing whether there is abnormal contrast perfusion and aggregation in the liver and spleen parenchyma. 4. Guide and monitor minimally invasive interventional treatment of liver and other parenchymal organs, help to select appropriate interventional treatment window, avoid direct puncture damage to the subcapsular tumor of the liver and cause uncontrollable bleeding; ultrasound cystography before renal cyst interventional therapy Check suspiciously to determine the relationship between the cystic dark area and the collection system. 5. Unsatisfactory two-dimensional image of the heart, diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, and detection of cardiac occupying lesions such as tumors and thrombosis. Precautions Before the test: Since the contrast agent has no nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity, no skin test is required. When inspecting: Just follow the usual ultrasound instructions. Inspection process In addition to conventional contrast harmonic imaging, ultrasound contrast imaging also includes intermittent ultrasound imaging, energy contrast harmonic imaging, inverse pulse harmonic imaging, stimulated acoustic emission imaging, low mechanical index imaging, and contrast blasting imaging. Regardless of the method used, an ultrasound device capable of contrast imaging must have sufficient bandwidth and high dynamic range to provide sufficient parameters such as contrast time, MI and sound intensity, and real-time dynamic hard disk storage. (1) Contrast agent blasting imaging method: When using the first generation contrast agent, in order to observe the distribution information of the contrast agent in the vascular organ and tissue, the method of blasting microbubbles is usually adopted to obtain rich harmonics. The myocardial perfusion image can be obtained by blasting contrast harmonic imaging by ECG triggering; in the abdominal organs such as the liver, manual triggering is used to obtain the phase image of the contrast agent for tumor perfusion. (2) Low mechanical index imaging: When the transmitted ultrasonic is used, the mechanical index MI is lower than 0.15, which is called the low mechanical index. An angiogram using such ultrasound that is lower than the energy at which the microbubbles are broken is referred to as a low mechanical index angiography. This method can achieve continuous harmonic imaging of blood flow, and can also reduce the interference of tissue harmonics. This technique uses a second generation contrast agent. Not suitable for the crowd Unsuitable people: Due to the high price, complicated operation of the equipment and certain complications, it is not currently a census means for people at high risk of cerebrovascular disease. Adverse reactions and risks Nothing.

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