selective proteinuria index

Due to the filtration of glomerular filtration membrane and the reabsorption of renal tubules, the amount of protein in the urine of healthy people (multiple molecular weight proteins) is very small (less than 150 mg per day), when qualitative protein examination , a negative reaction. When the protein content in the urine increases, regular urine examination can be measured, called proteinuria. If the urine protein content is ≥ 3.5g / 24h, it is called a large amount of proteinuria. Proteinuria is a typical symptom of chronic kidney disease. The cause of proteinuria is closely related to the barrier function of glomeruli. Basic Information Specialist classification: urinary examination classification: urine / kidney function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Maintain a normal diet and sleep. Normal value The SPI boundary is moderately selective between 0.1 and 0.2, which is a normal clinical manifestation. Clinical significance Laboratory inspection: First, 24-hour urine protein quantitative urine retention method. 1. On the day of the urine retention, the patient will urinate at 8 o'clock in the morning. This time the urine is produced before 8 o'clock, and should be discarded. After 2.8 o'clock to 8:00 the next day, the amount of urine per 24 hours should be kept in a clean container. 3. The next day, 8 small should also actively urinate, this time the urine is produced before 8 o'clock, must be left. 4. Stir the 24-hour urine collection and record the total amount. 5. Take 10 ml of the mixed 24-hour urine, send it to the laboratory for 24-hour urine protein quantitation, and tell the laboratory 6. The total urine volume of the doctor. Second, urine protein quantitative urine retention matters: (1) When the climate is hot, preservatives should be placed in the urine to prevent decomposition of urine sugar, fermentation and bacterial reproduction, thus affecting the accuracy of the results. (2) It is ideal to store the urine in the refrigerator. (3) There is a relatively simple method of preserving urine: just close the container of urine, put cold water (note: change water every 2 to 3 hours), and then put it in a relatively cool toilet. Yes, you don't have to put preservatives or put them in the refrigerator. (4) Place the collected urine in a cool place to prevent bacterial invasion and reproduction, so as not to affect the test results. Third, urine protein examination can be divided into qualitative and quantitative examinations and special inspections: 1. Qualitative examination is best morning urination morning urine is the most concentrated and can exclude orthostatic protein urinary qualitative examination is only screening screening daily urine volume 2000ml qualitative "+" urine protein amount is more than the urine volume 400ml qualitative "+" It is advisable to determine the therapeutic effect of the diagnosis of kidney disease as an accurate indicator of urine protein content. 2. There are many methods for quantitative detection of urinary protein. There are Pap's method, double porpoise method, phosphotungstic acid method, acid reading, ferric chloride method, etc. The most accurate and most commonly used 24h urine protein, 1g or less, less glomerular disease. Common causes of pyelonephritis, renal pelvic obstruction, urinary tract obstruction, urinary tract tumors and stones, etc. The most common cause of urinary protein 1~3g is primary or secondary glomerular disease. The 24h urine protein is more than 3.5g. It is found in primary or secondary nephropathy. Syndrome. Urine protein special examination commonly used urine protein electrophoresis examination can distinguish between selective proteinuria and non-selective proteinuria. Multiple urine myeloma urine protein electrophoresis examination can help to distinguish the following five types: IgGIgAIgEIgD type urine release method is a The urine protein qualitative method is negative when the urine routine is negative. The shortcomings of the false positive rate and the high radioimmunoassay urine β2-mg determination are helpful for the diagnosis of early renal tubular dysfunction. People who need to be examined: suspected to be a kidney disease patient. Precautions Taboo before check: Maintain normal diet and sleep. Requirements for examination: The patient actively cooperates with the doctor and the doctor carefully operates to avoid the result. Inspection process The renal clearance rate of plasma proteins with large differences in molecular weight is often determined clinically, and the ratio is calculated as the selectivity index (SPI). The blood and urine concentrations are usually determined by immunoturbidimetric assay or one-way immunodiffusion method using transferrin (molecular weight 79,000) and IgG (molecular weight 170,000), respectively. High selectivity when SPI<0.1, that is, mainly small molecular weight proteins pass through the glomerular filter, such as nephrotic syndrome. Alb is mainly composed of urine, and the content of macromolecular protein is very small, which is called selective proteinuria. The SPI boundary is moderately selective between 0.1 and 0.2. Low selectivity when SPI>0.2. If the transferrin is matched with IgM (molecular weight 900,000), the measurement effect is better. According to the measured serum and urine transferrin and IgM content, the clearance rate can be calculated separately, expressed as C value, and then substituted into two. Point linear equation: K = LogC1-LogC2 / LogX1-LogX2 to find the slope of the line. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: Generally, there is no suitable for the crowd. Adverse reactions and risks No related complications or hazards.

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