urine routine

Urine routine is one of the “three routines” of medical tests. Many kidney lesions can be formed in proteinuria or urine sediment in the early stage. It also has important reference value for the diagnosis of certain systemic diseases and diseases in which other organs in the body affect urine changes such as diabetes, blood diseases, hepatobiliary diseases, and epidemic hemorrhagic fever. At the same time, urine test can also reflect the treatment effect and prognosis of some diseases. Through this examination, the corresponding symptoms can be judged. Basic Information Specialist classification: urinary examination classification: urine / kidney function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Included items: urinary white blood cells (WBC, LEU), urinary occult blood (BLD), urine color (UCO), urinary ketone body (KET), urine sugar (GLU), urinary pH (pH), urine protein quantitation, urinary bilirubin ( URO), urinary bilirubin (BIL), urine weight Tips: Do not eat after 9:00 pm the day before the test, drink water, check the morning after getting up, do not eat or drink water, easy to check accurately. Female patients should not take urine for examination during menstruation. Normal value 1, urine color, the normal range is light yellow. 2, urine transparency, the normal range is clear. 3, uric acid sputum (urine pH value), the normal range is generally acidic. 4, the normal range of red blood cells male 0, female 0-2 (high power field); white blood cells normal range male 0-3, female 0-5 (high power field); granular tube type normal range; transparent tube type, normal range no or even see. 5, protein, normal range negative; sugar, normal range negative; ketone body, normal range negative; urinary bile, below 120 (qualitative); <8 mg% (quantitative); bilirubin, normal range negative. Clinical significance Abnormal result 1, urine color, red for hematuria acute cystitis, urinary tract stones, tumors, kidney tuberculous milky white (chylomicrons), blood filariasis, urinary tract purulent infection. Dark yellow or black tea-like jaundice. 2, urine transparency, turbidity has a lot of crystal, blood, pus and chyluria. 3, uric acid sputum (urine pH value), understanding the acidity of urine, can provide important clues for the diagnosis of certain kidney or metabolic diseases. 4, urine specific gravity, in the pathological state, the increase or decrease of urine specific gravity is mainly determined by the concentration function of the kidney. Low specific gravity is seen in chronic nephritis and diabetes insipidus. 5, microscopic examination of red blood cells, increased urinary calculi, pyelonephritis, nephritis, tuberculosis, acute cystitis, urinary system tumors. Leukocytosis, urinary tract infection, tuberculosis. Granular casts, persistently present in acute and chronic nephritis. Transparent tube type, nephritis, pyelonephritis, and febrile diseases sometimes appear in small amounts. 6, chemical examination of protein, positive nephritis, chronic nephritis; urinary tract infection, high fever, kidney tuberculosis. Sugar, positive diabetes. Ketone body, positive over-starvation, severe diabetes. Urinary bile, greater than normal seen in hepatitis, liver cancer and other jaundice and hemolytic jaundice. Bilirubin, positive obstructive jaundice. People who need to be examined: patients with urinary system diseases. Precautions Taboo before the test: Do not eat after 9:00 pm the day before the test. Drink water. Check the morning after getting up and do not eat or drink water, which is convenient for inspection. Requirements for inspection: 1. Pre-select the wide-mouth glass bottle that can hold more than 20 ml when leaving the urine sample. It must be cleaned before use. 2, it is best to leave the first urine specimen for inspection in the morning. When taking urine, it is best to take some urine before taking it. 3, female patients in the menstrual period should generally not take urine for inspection. Inspection process The doctor collects the patient's urine and passes the separation test of the urine by the laboratory to determine whether the amount of various components of the urine exceeds the standard. The doctor carefully handles the test to avoid mistakes. This inspection requires sophisticated equipment and experienced and high-quality experts to ensure scientific and accurate inspection results. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: Generally, there is no suitable for the crowd. Adverse reactions and risks No obvious complications and harms.

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