atypical lymphocytes

An atypical lymphocyte with a morphological variation, sometimes called atypical lymphocytes, is sometimes seen in the peripheral blood. Lymphocytes are not terminal cells, and they can undergo some changes, such as primitive cellularization and naive cellularization (commonly known as "return to the ancestors"). Such changes are usually stress reactions caused by viruses or drugs. Under the microscope, the volume of the cells becomes larger, the volume of the nucleus increases, the color of the cytoplasm deepens, and vacuoles appear. This is significantly different from normal lymphocyte morphology. At this time, atypical lymphocytes should be reported. Downey divides it into 3 types based on cell morphology. Basic Information Specialist classification: cardiovascular examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the blood draw, avoid heavy drinking. Normal value Microscopic visual method <2%. Clinical significance Increased: infectious mononucleosis, early epidemic hemorrhagic fever and viral infections such as viral hepatitis, rubella, measles, mumps, and encephalitis. High results may be diseases: elderly acute lymphoblastic leukemia, histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, rubella, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, acute non-lymphocytic leukemia in the elderly Type I (foam type): The cell body is slightly larger than the lymphocytes. It is round or elliptical and partially irregular. The nuclear deviation is round, kidney-shaped or irregular, and the nuclear stain is coarse or small, without nucleoli. The cytoplasm is rich, dark blue, contains vacuoles of varying sizes, and the cytoplasm is foamy, with no particles or a few particles. Usually this type is the most common. Type II (irregular): The cell body is larger than the I type, and the cell shape is often irregular, like a monocyte, so it is also called a monocyte type. The cytoplasm is rich, light blue or light blue gray, with a small amount of azurophilic particles, generally no vacuoles. The nucleus is similar to the type I, but the nuclear stain is more detailed than the type I, and it is also reticulated, and the nucleolus is not obvious. Type III (naive): large cell body with a diameter of 15 to 18 μm. It is round or oval. The amount of cytoplasm is large, blue or dark blue, generally no particles, sometimes a little small vacuole. The core is round or elliptical, and the nuclear dye is finely meshed. It can be seen that 1 or 2 nucleoli. Inspection process Subjects were venously collected and assayed in time for serum separation. Not suitable for the crowd 1. Patients who have taken contraceptives, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones, etc., may affect the results of the examination and prohibit patients who have recently taken the drug history. 2, special diseases: patients with hematopoietic function to reduce disease, such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc., unless the examination is essential, try to draw less blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1, subcutaneous hemorrhage: due to pressing time less than 5 minutes or blood draw technology is not enough, etc. can cause subcutaneous bleeding. 2, discomfort: the puncture site may appear pain, swelling, tenderness, subcutaneous ecchymosis visible to the naked eye. 3, dizzy or fainting: in the blood draw, due to emotional overstress, fear, reflex caused by vagus nerve excitement, blood pressure decreased, etc. caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain caused by fainting or dizziness. 4. Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.

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